The ornithological and botanical interest of the riverside groves is joined by the history of a town founded on the remains of ancient Carpetan and Roman sites at a strategic crossroads. The livestock trails of the lower Jarama valley are part of the oldest road network of the fertile agricultural plain. The main axis of the old pastoral and commercial routes in the southeast of Madrid was called Cañada de los Cerros and passed through Aranjuez, Titulcia, Ciempozuelos and in Móstoles it connected with other ravines in the Guadarrama river valley, a thousand-year-old path designed centuries ago by the Romans to communicate the pastures of the plateaus located to the north of the Central System with the Mediterranean; and probably used by Hannibal to return to Cartagena after the Salamanca campaign, in 217 BC. The staggered distribution of the streets at the foot of a hill formerly known as Cerro de Venus and currently Cerrón has the appearance of an old medieval town, there are even remains in the town of a fortress linked to the Templars. However, the only remains of the old town of Titulcia that are still standing are a part of the parish church and several balcony facades in the Plaza Mayor, the rest was destroyed in the Civil War during the battle of Jarama. The current whitewashed and gleaming farmhouse was rebuilt in later years, giving it a fairly uniform and modern look. The original name of the town is related to the natural setting of the excursion. Until the 19th century it was called Bayona de Tajuña, coming from the Basque word ibay ona (place next to a good river), from the times of the repopulation of the area by towns from the north, but it was changed to Titulcia according to the royal decree of Fernando VII, in 1815, who often spent the summer in Aranjuez and did not want to hear the name of the city where he had been imprisoned for six years, the French Bayonne.
The Romans were at a strategic crossroads. The main axis of the old pastoral and commercial routes in the southeast of Madrid was the Cordel de la Galiana, a route designed centuries ago by the Romans to connect the pastures of the plateaus of the Central System with the Mediterranean, probably used by Hannibal to return to Cartagena after the Salamanca campaign in 217 BC. The terraced distribution of the streets on the slope of a hill, formerly known as Cerro de Venus and currently Cerrón, has the appearance of an ancient medieval village, there are even remains in the town of a fortress linked to the Templars. The only remains of the old town of Titulcia that are preserved are part of the parish church and several balconied facades in the Plaza Mayor, the rest were destroyed in the Civil War. The current whitewashed and shiny houses were rebuilt in later years and offer a fairly uniform and modern appearance. In the 19th century the place was called Bayona de Tajuña, derived from the Basque word ibay ona (place next to a good river), from the times of repopulation by people from the north, but it was changed to Titulcia by royal decree of Ferdinand VII, in 1815, who spent the summer in Aranjuez and did not want to hear the name of the city where he had been imprisoned for six years, the French Bayonne.
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