Bautzen Prison (Yellow Misery)

The Royal Saxon State Penitentiary was built between 1900 and 1904 with 1,092 prison places. During the National Socialist regime from 1933 to 1945, political prisoners, including Ernst Thälmann, were increasingly imprisoned. From May 1945 to February 1950, the Soviet occupying forces used the institution as a special camp, primarily for political prisoners. Over 3,000 people lost their lives in this camp due to the inhumane prison conditions. A memorial on the Karnickelberg west of the institution commemorates them. In 1950, it was handed over to the Ministry of the Interior, German People's Police. From autumn 1989, efforts were made to humanize the penal system for the approximately 2,200 prisoners with the participation of a citizens' initiative. The institution has been a correctional facility since 1990 and has approximately 500 prison places. In 1991/92, a fundamental renovation of the entire complex began, which is not yet complete.
Source:bautzen.de/tourismus-kultur-freizeit/sehen-erleben/rundgaenge-fuehrungen/geschichtspfad

Ernst Thälmann was probably the most famous inmate.