The montado has also, due to its biological complexity, a high diversity of fauna and flora. It is a region of feeding and rest for many migrating birds and several species of bats. This biologic wealth is an indicator of the good adaptation of the system to the natural environment, and also of its resilience.
Currently, the montado occupies big extensions in Salamanca, Estremadura, High and Low Alentejo, Western Andalucía and, in a spottier form, Castille – La Mancha, Castille – Leon and Madrid. The combined area of these montados occupies between 2 and 2,5 million hectares, from which 75% are in Spanish territory and 25% in Portugal.