Tigers have been distributed in Java and possibly Borneo by the onset of the Holocene (10,000 years ago). They might have colonized the Caspian region through India. As per Molecular genetic studies, the most recent tiger ancestor is only 72,000 – 108,000 years old.
The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus Panthera. It is most recognisable for its black stripes on orange fur with a white underside. An apex predator, it primarily preys on ungulates, such as deer and wild boar. It is territorial and generally a solitary but social predator, requiring large contiguous areas of habitat to support its requirements for prey and rearing of its offspring. Tiger cubs stay with their mother for about two years and then become independent, leaving their mother's home range to establish their own.