Top 5 Caves 괴클링겐 주변

A brick shelter integrated into a rock face. Function? Hunting blind, bunker, or shelter?

Landau Fortress was a polygonal fortification located in Landau in the Palatinate. Construction took place between 1688 and 1691. The completely outdated fortress was demolished in 1871, having been downgraded to a depot in 1867. Almost all of the structures below street level have been preserved. Today, several military buildings and many residential buildings are still visible in the city, along with the locks and walls along the rivers, and fortifications in parks. Among these, the largest remaining structure is the wall of the fort built in 1702 (with a length of 3.3 km). Following the Thirty Years' War, the Imperial City of Landau was placed under the protection of France by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. Following the end of the War of the Palatine Succession in 1697, the city, along with ten other Alsatian imperial cities, was also legally ceded to France in the Peace of Rijswijk of 1697. As early as 1673/74, France had destroyed Landau's medieval city fortifications. With the Peace of Nijmegen, Landau came under French control and, with the simultaneous loss of the right-bank fortress of Philippsburg (1679), became its easternmost outpost, receiving a permanent French garrison in 1680. In September 1687, the military engineer Vauban arrived in Landau to develop a fortification plan. He submitted this plan to King Louis XIV on October 9, who gave his approval in November. Construction began later that same year on the 7-kilometer-long Albersweiler Canal, designed to facilitate the rapid transport of building materials such as timber, lime, and stone by barge. The foundation stone was laid at the end of April 1688 in the presence of the Minister of War, the Marquis de Louvois. Vauban initially oversaw the construction, but relinquished this responsibility to Jacques de Tarade in 1689. With the help of sixteen royal battalions under the command of General Montclar and approximately 14,000 construction workers (more recent studies cite a significantly lower number) from the surrounding area, the fortification was built in the second Vauban style. On the night of June 23-24, 1689, a devastating fire destroyed most of the town and provided an opportunity to modernize the garrison town's layout. This resulted in the creation of straight, wide streets and squares for troop deployments. ... Source: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festung_Landau#Weblinks

This artificially created Marian Grotto features a statue of the Virgin Mary and a small enclosed spring. Since then, the grotto has been renovated several times, and the spring had to be re-enclosed to ensure its long-term preservation.

Viewing rock and a small cave below.

This Lourdes Grotto is also a sign of solidarity between Catholics and Protestants in Dernbach: "Every Whit Monday, a Catholic service takes place at the Lourdes Grotto in Dernbach. The Protestant parish deliberately does not hold its own service on this day, but invites people to the service at the Lourdes Grotto." Source: https://www.bistum-speyer.de/bistum/oekumene/leitfaden/bewaehrte-praxisbeispiele/gottesdienst/gottesdienst-an-der-lourdesgrotte/

"The Lourdes Grotto from 1909 was lovingly restored in 2014 by volunteers and donations under the auspices of the “MGV Liederkranz Waldrohrbach”." Source (quoted verbatim): Catholic church leader Parish of St. Elisabeth, Annweiler (p. 52): https://www.heile-elisabeth-annweiler.de/pfarrei-gemeinden/kirchenfuehrer/

Really very informative with the information boards

It's great how and what they built around 1700