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Mesocco Castle San Bernardino Castle Mesolcina Calanca The ruins of Mesocco Castle stand on top of an imposing rocky hill that rises steeply from the valley floor. This imposing fortress stands in the center of the valley, forcing the Moesa River into a wide bend in a narrow, impassable gorge, leaving only a narrow passage to the west. Mesocco Castle is protected on three sides by steep cliffs. Only to the northeast, on the upstream side of the valley, does the slope slope more gently. Climbing up the old access road to the castle from the north side, you first reach the Church of St. Maria del Castello and are already on the castle grounds, which were once surrounded by a defensive wall. The impressive ruins consist mainly of the remains of defensive works built in the last decades of the 15th century, i.e., during the final phase of the castle's life. Among them are numerous ruins from earlier eras, so that the castle's current appearance reveals its eventful history, which has its roots in the early Middle Ages. Graubünden Ferien, Alexanderstrasse 24, 7001 Chur https://www.graubuenden.ch/de/ausflugsziele/castello-di-mesocco

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Mesocco Castle San Bernardino Castle Mesolcina Calanca The ruins of Mesocco Castle stand on top of an imposing rocky hill that rises steeply from the valley floor. This imposing fortress stands in the center of the valley, forcing the Moesa River into a wide bend in a narrow, impassable gorge, leaving only a narrow passage to the west. Mesocco Castle is protected on three sides by steep cliffs. Only to the northeast, on the upstream side of the valley, does the slope slope more gently. Climbing up the old access road to the castle from the north side, you first reach the Church of St. Maria del Castello and are already on the castle grounds, which were once surrounded by a defensive wall. The impressive ruins consist mainly of the remains of defensive works built in the last decades of the 15th century, i.e., during the final phase of the castle's life. Among them are numerous ruins from earlier eras, so that the castle's current appearance reveals its eventful history, which has its roots in the early Middle Ages. Graubünden Ferien, Alexanderstrasse 24, 7001 Chur https://www.graubuenden.ch/de/ausflugsziele/castello-di-mesocco

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Portone di Santa Maria, Chiavenna since 1741 City gate (Portone), which was built in 1741 in honor of the Graubünden commissioner Ercole Salis Text / Source: wikivoyage.org https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Chiavenna

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Chiavenna Located at the intersection of the Bergell and the Val San Giacomo, Chiavenna (formerly German Cläven, Kleven) is the center of the Valchiavenna, which together with the Valtellina makes up the present-day Italian province of Sondrio. Chiavenna, mentioned in the Itinerarium Antonini and in the Peutinger Table as Clavenna, was conquered by Augustus' troops in 16 BC and connected to Chur by two roads - one over the Splügen Pass, the other over the Septimer, Maloja and Julier Pass. The county probably came into being in the 10th century, at the beginning of the reign of Otto I, who in 960 assigned the Bergell from Villa upwards to the diocese of Chur and thus drew the border line between Italy and Switzerland that is still valid today. Text / Source: Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (HLS) https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/007043/2015-05-07/

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Beautiful gorge...the trail can be very slippery in wet weather...

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Chiavenna is a particularly charming town - not only as a destination - the journey there is an experience

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Soglio is a small village of few inhabitants in the municipality of Bregaglia

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Splendid panorama of the valley from Savogno

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Splendid ancient village in the Bregaglia valley.

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Chiavenna, a charming municipality in Lombardy, Italy, stands out for its rich historical and cultural heritage. The narrow cobbled streets, colorful houses and picturesque squares give the village a medieval and Renaissance charm. Places of interest include the Roman excavations, the majestic Palazzo Vertemate Franchi and the spectacular Acquafraggia waterfalls. Positioned between the Alps, Chiavenna offers an ideal environment for excursions and winter sports, also boasting a renowned local cuisine with specialties such as pizzoccheri and bresaola. In 2022, the Valchiavenna Cycle Path received 3rd prize at the Italian Green Road Awards.

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Mesocco itself is one of the largest castle complexes in Switzerland. In addition to various ruins located on the slopes outside the town, there are excellent intact remains of the castle and the Romanesque church of Santa Maria. It's worth a visit slowly.

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Soglio is a village of 300 people in the Bregaglia Valley. The church of San Lorenzo and the stone-paved alleys are marvelous. Also noteworthy is Palazzo Salis and a restaurant with typical food.

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Beautiful gorge... the hiking trail can become very slippery in wet weather...

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Chiavenna is an Italian town of 7,149 inhabitants in the province of Sondrio in Lombardy, located in the center of the valley of the same name. The name (in Latin Clavenna) takes its inspiration from the pre-Latin theme "clav" (with the meaning of "protruding cliff") in probable reference to the Sengio ("sénc"), a steep mountain that dominates the town. In the past it was an important strategic center in the heart of Rezia, on the road between the Po Valley and the Reno basin, while now it is a renowned tourist destination, famous above all for its crotti, the only one in the province of Sondrio to have obtained the recognition of the orange flag of the Italian Touring Club, a mark of tourist-environmental quality awarded to small towns in the Italian hinterland.

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Mesocco is one of the largest castle complexes in Switzerland and formed the stately center of the valley from the beginning of the 13th century until 1526.

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Savogno is located along an important communication route that brings the upper Rhine valleys directly into contact with Valchiavenna. Already in the Middle Ages it was a transit point for those going to Chur, capital of the Three Gray Leagues. The town was inhabited until the 1960s as an important transit point towards the Val di Lei, but with the progressive exodus towards the towns of the valley, it became almost uninhabited. Of the 400 original inhabitants, the last one abandoned the town in 1968. Currently, in addition to the managers of the refuge, only a few families return from time to time to their original home. To reach Savogno there is no road, but a long staircase that climbs between the chestnut trees on the rugged side of the mountain. You go up for about ten minutes, always staying in the woods, in sight of the stream. A mule track then deviates towards the east and leads to a large, steeply sloping deforested space where minute vine terraces and meadows invaded by brambles surround numerous huts, partly built of wood. Traces of previous intensive agricultural use become increasingly evident as you climb the steep slope above the houses.

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The beautiful houses, portals and soapstone fountains are evidence of how rich and important this town was at the time of great trade with central Europe. Already documented in Roman times, both by archaeological finds and in the classic imperial itineraries thanks to a complex system of Alpine passes, it developed its importance in the early Middle Ages, giving itself municipal structures just after the year 1000. It was a county affiliated first to the bishopric of Como and then to that of Coira. Dominion of the Visconti (14th century) and of the Balbiani (15th century), it was subsequently the prerogative of Savoy first and then of the Grisons. The current historic center is to be considered of sixteenth-century layout, as the medieval settlement was destroyed by a fire in 1486. The construction of the walls by Ludovico il Moro followed. In the first half of the seventeenth century. Chiavenna took part in the insurrection of the Valtellina people against the oppression of the Grisons. In more recent times in the historical chronology it was dominated by the French and the Austrians before being reunited with the Italian motherland in 1859. The Municipality of Chiavenna is located at the foot of the Rhaetian Alps, where the valley of the Liro river (Val San Giacomo or Valle Spluga) and that of the Mera river (Val Bregaglia) meet. It was precisely this strategic location that has made the fortune of the town since ancient times. Located there, right at the crossroads of the roads to Milan and Como, for the Maloia and Spluga passes, the city of Chiavenna represents a noble landing place where suggestive views and routes rich in history intertwine.

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The Cardinello gorge takes its name, which means "pin of the valley", from the nearby Monte Cardine. It is assumed that the first attempt to obtain a passage in the gorge took place in 1643. The construction of a passable road, however, was completed only after 1709, with the construction of tunnels, parapets and avalanche-protection canopies. The Cardinello had already cost the lives of several pack animals, soldiers and pilgrims, and continued to be the most dangerous stretch of the via Spluga. The transit of the French army in December 1800, led by General McDonald, therefore caused a stir. Despite the incessant storm 15,000 men managed to reach Splügen. The enterprise involved the loss of many soldiers, overwhelmed by avalanches and slipped into the abyss.

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Mountain village with several panoramic points

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Be sure to try the chestnut bread.

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