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Just an hour's drive from Brașov lies the country's most beautiful volcanic crater. But even most Romanians don't know about it. Only in recent years has the beauty of the Racoș crater been widely publicized in digital media, with spectacular drone footage of the circular crater, in particular, bringing this geological wonder, formed some two million years ago, to public attention.

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Just an hour's drive from Brașov lies the country's most beautiful volcanic crater. But even most Romanians don't know about it. Only in recent years has the beauty of the Racoș crater been widely publicized in digital media, with spectacular drone footage of the circular crater, in particular, bringing this geological wonder, formed some two million years ago, to public attention.

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A former basalt quarry left behind this deep pit with steep sides, which filled with water due to rain. Initially, the resulting lake was called Lacul Brazi (Fir Lake), but its intense green-blue color soon led to its now familiar name: Emerald Lake (Lacul de Smarald). The finely pulverized mineral rocks left behind by basalt mining predominantly reflect the blue-green spectrum of sunlight. Emerald Lake is a celestial pond, the name given to lakes filled exclusively by rain from clouds.

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The Racoș basalt columns are at least two million years old. Such geometrically shaped rock formations form under specific conditions during a volcanic eruption, with the slow cooling of the lava. The columns are always perpendicular to the cooling surface. Most of these basalt columns are hexagonal.

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From this parking lot, the three highlights of the Racos Volcano Park are easily accessible via a signposted circular route. Entrance to the geological park costs 25 lei per person.

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Bran Castle's current appearance, with its dramatic location and ominous atmosphere, has been created through numerous additions and modifications to the medieval fortifications. It provides the perfect backdrop for tourists who want to imagine Dracula's castle here.

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In September 1940, Princess Ileana of Romania had the coffin containing the heart of her mother, Queen Maria, who died in 1938, brought to Bran. The queen had used the castle here as a beloved summer residence. The previous burial site, the Stella Maris Chapel in Balchik on the Black Sea, had recently been ceded from Romania to Bulgaria as part of the Southern Dobruja region. In this small crypt at the edge of the forest overlooking Bran Castle, the queen's heart (her body was interred in the cathedral church of Curtea de Argeș) was "temporarily stored" until the copy of the Stella Maris Chapel in the valley was completed.

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The origins of Bran Castle (German: Törzburg) date back to the early 13th century, when it was initially built as a wooden fortress called Dietrichstein by the Teutonic Knights under the patronage of King Andrew II of Hungary to defend the strategically important pass between Transylvania and Wallachia against invading troops. In 1377, the Transylvanian Saxons of Kronstadt (Brașov) were granted the privilege of building a stone castle. This example of medieval architecture underwent numerous alterations and expansions over the centuries. In the 1920s, the castle became the residence of Queen Marie of Romania, who significantly altered and modernized its interior. Bran Castle's connection to the Dracula legend is a fascinating blend of history, literature, and folklore. Largely a product of the 20th century, this connection owes much to the atmospheric descriptions in Bram Stoker's 1897 novel "Dracula." Although Stoker never visited Romania, his depiction of Dracula's castle was inspired by descriptions of Eastern European castles—and Bran Castle, with its dramatic location and menacing appearance, fits this vision remarkably well.

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Well, a year too late. Without an entrance fee, nothing can be done here anymore. Everything is cordoned off, surrounded by meter-high fences and guarded by security. Anyone wanting to enter the castle park has to pay the entrance fee for Bran Castle. But every now and then, a beautiful (and free) view of the castle opens up through the fence.

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In the Ethnographic Park of Bran, after fighting your way through the hustle and bustle of the souvenir market, you can admire historical buildings from the region.

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The vampire hype surrounding Count Dracula and his alleged residence at Bran Castle is a big money-maker for tourists. Souvenir vendors offer everything imaginable related to the bloodsucking Prince of Darkness: mugs and T-shirts, refrigerator magnets, and garlic necklaces. There's even a small vampire-themed ghost train.

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The bust depicts Ioan Pușcariu (1824 to 1911), who was born and died in the Bran Valley. Pușcariu was a Romanian historian and writer. In January 1861, he participated in the National Assembly of Romanians in Transylvania in Sibiu as secretary, which demanded more rights for their community.

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Among the wooden works of art created during the two international sculpture symposiums in Bran is this statue of a soldier. It was placed directly next to the monument to the famous Transylvanian general Traian Moșoiu.

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On August 12, 2007, the 75th anniversary of his death, the statue of General Traian Moșoiu was unveiled in Bran's City Park. Romanian President Traian Băsescu attended the ceremony. Moșoiu, born in 1868 in nearby Tohanu Nou, was a prominent Romanian military figure, politician, and Minister of War, Communications, and Industry and Trade. From 1918 to 1919, he served as a general in the Romanian Army and led key military operations to liberate Transylvania from Austro-Hungarian rule following the Romanian Army's occupation of Budapest. He died in Bucharest in 1932.

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Bran's central Queen Maria Park (Parcul Regina Maria) offers a bit of refuge from the crowds at the souvenir market and the castle. Statues of some of Bran's famous figures stand along the alleys. It also exhibits wooden works of art created during Bran's two international sculpture symposiums.

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Next to the Black Church stands the statue of Johannes Honterus, a work by the Berlin sculptor Haro Magnussen, which was unveiled on August 21, 1898. The bronze bas-reliefs on the pedestal depict the humanist in his printing shop, where the first prints were made in 1539, and administering communion to a sick person. Born in 1498, Honterus was a Transylvanian-Saxon humanist scholar, religious reformer, and founder of the Saxon Gymnasium in Kronstadt. He died in 1549.

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The Old Town Hall, located on Town Hall Square in the historic center, is Brașov's most important secular monument. The town hall was originally a watchtower, the foundations of which lay on those of the present tower. The adjacent building was constructed later, with construction work beginning on December 23, 1420. The Turkish invasion of 1421 and the resulting destruction, as well as the arrest of the city judge, delayed construction. The building was only later converted into the town hall. It was first mentioned in 1503, when it appears as the "Praetorium," the seat of the city administration. From 1950 onward, the Old Town Hall housed the Brașov State Museum, which later became the Brașov County History Museum.

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The large fountain on the town hall square offers welcome refreshment in the summer.

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The rectory of the Black Church, built from 1383 onward, was completed in 1477. The historic building is closely connected to the Protestant congregation and the Black Church itself. Located in the immediate vicinity of the church, it is an integral part of the ensemble that defines the townscape.

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The Black Church, along with the Topkapi Museum in Istanbul, houses Europe's largest collection of oriental carpets from the 15th and 16th centuries. The interior of the Black Church is dominated by the vibrant colors of the approximately 110 oriental carpets on display. Even a layperson will be impressed by the multitude of nuances and patterns of this unusual decoration. To adorn the church, wealthy members of the community and guild masters donated brightly colored Ottoman textiles, especially carpets. Produced in Anatolia, these were traded to Kronstadt, where they were acquired by the citizens to decorate the altar, pulpit, or pews.

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