펜스터바흐‬에서 가장 멋진 ‪13‬개의 동굴

Moos Castle Moos was the seat of the noble family of Moos. Otto von Moß is mentioned as a witness in documents in 1121, Hermann von Moße in 1126, Otto von Mose in 1166, and Friedrich Mosaer in 1190. The service in which this family served and their coat of arms are unknown. Presumably, there was no stone manor at that time, but rather a motte-and-bailey castle built on a hill. The Moos family appears until the end of the 12th century, after which their trail disappears. In the first half of the 14th century, Moos was already a Hofmark (a type of manor). The Nortweiner family, who were wealthy landowners in the area, are mentioned as its owners. In the mid-15th century, Moos came into the possession of Jörg Kastner; the subsequent ownership history is unclear. The estate moved to the center of Bavarian history when Elector Maximilian had the city of Amberg surrendered to him at Moos Castle on October 8, 1621, after the Battle of White Mountain. Thus, the estate reverted from the Electorate of the Palatinate to Bavaria. Due to heavy debt, the estate passed to the government in Amberg, and various owners followed. In 1904, all the property belonging to the castle was demolished. A year later, Leonhard Bernreuther acquired the castle and renovated it in exemplary fashion. It then passed to the Uwe Herrmann family. The newly renovated castle is a three-story solid building with a hipped roof, dormer windows, and simple stucco detailing. The building dates back to the Late Gothic period; it may have previously been a fortified house. In 1738, it was rebuilt with the exception of the four main walls. Until the reconstruction, it was a defensive structure with one-meter-thick walls on the ground floor and narrow slits instead of windows. Two windows remain on the east side. There, on the first floor, is an exposed Late Gothic window with a straight lintel and dressed stonework, as well as a latrine bay window. A ring wall with numerous keyhole-shaped loopholes hewn from dressed stone and four projecting corner towers from the first construction phase surrounds the castle. It is approximately three meters high and 80 cm thick. The tall spires were added during the last renovation (1982–1984). The former moat can still be seen as a strip of barren land on the south and east sides. Access to the complex is from the north; a bridge once stood here, the inner section of which could be raised. Source: Excerpts from www.wikipedia.de

Very nice

Eberburg Castle Ruins Ebermannsdorf originally belonged to the territory of the Margraves of Ammerthal. After their extinction, it was donated by Emperor Henry II to the Bishopric of Bamberg. Eppo von Ebermannsdorf is mentioned for the first time in 1079, and he operates as a noble knight. In 1108, Meribot von Ebermannsdorf - presumably a son - sold a nearby estate to the Bishop of Regensburg. Meribot and his brothers remained close to the Bishops of Bamberg and are mentioned on many of their documents. They can also be found in the entourage of other great noble families: the Wittelsbachs, the Margraves of Cham and the Margraves of Hohenburg. From 1200 onwards, however, little is heard of them. In 1309, Albrecht, the last knight to call himself "von Ebermannsdorf", died. In 1338, the castle appears to be divided between various minor noble lines, as Ulrich the Imsteter sold his third of the property to Count Palatine Rupert. Other owners: Dietrich Tanlacher in 1377, Heinrich von Kummersbrück (died 1390), Conrad Kemnater (1410). From 1501, the Fuchssteiners were in charge of the Ebernburg. Johann Fuchssteiner zu Ebermannsdorf was even chancellor of Count Palatine Friedrich, but was imprisoned in the Amberg "Fuchssteinerturm" in 1522 after breaking his oath. He is said to have taken bribes when the offices of Lauf and Hersbruck were sold. Released in 1525, he was imprisoned in Regensburg shortly afterwards, where he died in 1536. The Ebernburg fell into disrepair and was abandoned in favor of a new castle in the village, which was built in the 17th century. It is now inhabited by the von Eyb family, who bought the castle around 1880 and also own the castle ruins. The main thing worth noting is the keep, which dominates the centre of the Eberburg castle, slightly offset to the right. The octagonal, 16-metre-high tower's masonry technique dates back to the Salian period around 1100: the Ebermannsdorf tower is therefore one of the oldest preserved keeps in the Upper Palatinate. The tower was accessed via a round-arched high entrance. Two beam holes mark the starting points of a detachable wooden staircase. The interior is narrow and dark due to the walls being over 2 metres thick - it is only lit by a narrow slit of light - and has surprisingly comfortable furnishings: a fireplace and a toilet shaft running through the wall, which is clearly visible at the foot of the keep. Source: Extracts from www.burgenseite.de

Filial Church of St. John the Baptist The church as we see it today is the result of the new building based on a castle chapel from around 1250, some of whose substance has been preserved or reused. Today's St. John's Church was built on behalf of the Electoral Court Chamberlain, Johann Joseph von Dyer, by Ignaz Anton Gunezrhainer and his stepfather Johann Mayr, both master masons in Munich. 300 years ago, from May 1721, Munich craftsmen were on site here. The castle was also built by the Gunezrhainer workshop, which is why all the buildings form a self-contained ensemble. The interior shows a rare conical narrowing from the nave to the end of the choir, which is due to the previous building. In the Apis, the high altar is impressive: the large painting by Johann Adam Müller depicts the baptism of Jesus by John. It is elaborately framed with a wide architectural and picture frame and additionally surrounded by a floor-to-ceiling blue curtain with gold fringes in stucco work. Two powerful putti hold up this curtain and thus open up the view of the Theatrum Sacrum. Cuddled up to the tabernacle, four seraphim stand and praise the divine glory, present in the Eucharist, while the life-size sculptures of Abraham and Moses represent God's eternal covenant with his people. The church was extensively renovated in 1911. The recently completed renovation (between 2016 and 2020) restored the 1911 colors to the altar tables and pulpit. For the room shell, i.e. the wall design with stucco, pilasters and wood paneling, the color scheme from the period of construction from the restoration-supervised findings was decisive. The restoration of the stone steps and the floor also followed the period of construction findings. The figural decorations were cleaned. The necessary new pieces were designed by the Munich architect Franz Steinberger Source: www.pfarrei-theuern-eb-pi.de

Ebermannsdorf Castle The local noble family of Ebersdorf has been documented here since the early 12th century. They lived in the Eberburg. In 1480, Jakob Kemnather zu Ebermannsdorf is mentioned with the "lower seat" as a fief of his sister Agnes, widow of Jakob Kemnather zu Ebermannsdorf. A new seat had therefore already been built next to the old castle at that time. The current castle is, as the year "1723" shows, a baroque building from the early 18th century. It was built under the manor owner Johann Josef von Dyrr using the old walls according to plans by Ignaz Anton Gunetzrhainer. It is an elongated two-storey solid building with a hipped roof, a central projection with a mansard roof. A transverse building with a mansard roof and a stair tower with a hipped roof is aligned towards the castle church. The castle building has a plaster structure. The complex is closed off by a castle wall, also with plasterwork, basket-arch gates and a niche figure. The castle was renovated in 1977/78. Since 1963, the castle has been owned by a branch of the Barons von Eyb family. The complex also includes the former castle church, now the branch church of St. John the Baptist, which was also built in 1721-23 according to plans by Ignaz Anton Gunetzrhainer. It is a hall building with a mansard hip roof and a recessed tower covered by a tower cap. It also has a segmental gable portal and a plasterwork structure. The church was renovated inside and out in 2018-2020. A special feature is the historic organ from the 19th century, which is attributed to Friedrich Specht. Source: Excerpts from www.wikipedia.de

The Ziegeltor is the northeastern city gate of Amberg.

Today, Schwarzenfeld Castle is a conference and recreation hotel with a beautiful park on the banks of the Naab.

The current castle is a baroque building from the early 18th century. It was built using the old walls according to plans by Ignaz Anton Gunetzrhainer. It is an elongated two-storey solid building with a hipped roof, a central projection with a mansard roof. A transverse building with a mansard roof and a stair tower is aligned towards the castle church. The complex is enclosed by a castle wall. The castle was renovated in 1977/78. The complex also includes the former castle church, now the branch church of St. John the Baptist, which was also built from 1721 to 1723 according to plans by Ignaz Anton Gunetzrhainer. It is a hall building with a mansard hipped roof and a recessed tower covered by a tower cap. The church was renovated from 2018 to 2020. A special feature is the historic organ from the 19th century.