Known as the Little Balcony of the mountain range. It was inhabited by Quimbayas attracted by its wealth of fauna and flora, their main livelihood being agriculture, they worked metals such as Gold and Copper. Its relief is mostly mountainous, characteristic of the western mountain range, it is at a height of 2479 meters above sea level, which makes it a medium and cold climate, its main rivers are: Bonito and Las Vueltas, it has the Las Amarillas natural forest in the Serrania del Umbrella where numerous streams and rivers have their source. It limits to the north and west with the Department of Choco; to the east with the municipalities of Argelia, Ansermanuevo and El Águila and to the south with the municipality of Versalles.
The current occupation of the Cairense territory began in 1899 with the arrival of settlers from Antioquia and Old Caldas, displaced by the War of a Thousand Days and attracted initially by the existence of pre-Columbian tombs with valuable gold pieces, and later due to the abundance of wood and fertile soils suitable for coffee production