The little church of S. Fermo was built around the 16th century on the pre-existing hermitage, which, according to tradition and legend, dates back to the time of Charlemagne and his conquest of Valcamonica. Although I did not have archaeological analysis equipment with me on my various visits, I can say with some certainty that the terracotta floor can be dated back, for its components and shapes, to the 16th/17th century.
S. Fermo is one of the three brothers who dedicated themselves to prayer and penance: Glisente, Fermo and Caterina.
Glisente (the eldest of the brothers) placed his base on the current Colma di S. Glisente - the underground church is interesting; Fermo, at the base of the Corna di S. Fermo; Caterina just above Lozio, on the path that gives access to the Concarena. The altarpiece of the little church depicts the two brothers in military uniform.
Tradition and legend tell that Glisente and Fermo were knights and dignitaries of Charlemagne's army, who then, after the siege of Povia (773-774 AD, today's Pavia and seat of the Lombard kingdom Desiderio) retired to a hermit's life, disgusted by the blood and carnage, imitated by his sister Caterina.
Fermo survived the death of his two brothers for many years, thanks to the help of an eagle and a bear, who supplied him with wood, honey beans, food and game.
The three brothers used to communicate with each other with bonfires in the evening. In memory of this legend, starting from the Rifugio S. Fermo and following the ridge that leads to the Passo di Varicla, the traditional torchlight procession takes place in the second week of August, which then descends to Borno.