Penrhyn Castle’s dominant stone façade belies more than its internal red-brick construction. Built in the early 19th century, its formidable architecture, opulent interiors and art collection draw on a long history of sugar and slate fortunes, social unrest and the longest-running labour dispute in British history. Owned by the Pennant family, Penrhyn is a prime example of how wealth derived from slavery has shaped Welsh buildings and local labour history. Richard Pennant, a staunch anti-abolitionist, used his fortune – acquired from slave-owning sugar plantations in Jamaica – to fund roads, railways, schools, hotels, workers’ cottages, churches and farms in North Wales. The Penrhyn Slate Quarry and Port Penrhyn, founded by the Pennants, dominated the Welsh slate industry for almost 150 years. Penrhyn Castle’s vast rooms, rich neo-Norman architecture and opulent furnishings are steeped in this colonial history. Penrhyn Castle is situated on the Menai Strait, with the peaks of the Eryri (Snowdonia) in the background, overlooking the quarry and harbour from which the slate was exported all over the world. It is surrounded by wooded and open parkland, ideal for exploring, and a walled garden that predates the castle and provides a peaceful haven for relaxation.
(National Trust)