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lovely place to visit all year round

The Bar, which lies 100 yds. southeast of the porta decumana of the legionary fortress, is built almost entirely of magnesian limestone and dates from the early 14th century; the uppermost storey was added in the late 15th century and windows were renewed in the 16th century. The gatehouse was built to a sophisticated design, making it a self-contained fortress with each floor defensible, even when the others had been captured. Variations in stone sizes and irregular coursing indicate several stages during the construction, with the front wall apparently preceding the vaulting. There is no trace of an earlier gate on this site.

Most of the Roman walls are underground, and are overlaid with centuries of modification including Danish and Norman ramparts. Example cross-section of the walls can be viewed at https://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/york/vol2/pp108-138. With 6 Bars (gatehouses), 8 posterns and 39 towers (not all have survived), you can't come to York and not walk some of the walls, the most scenic parts are the North Corner around the Minster on the north side of the city centre. Opening times and other notices here: https://www.york.gov.uk/york-city-centre/city-walls/3 Maps and descriptions of wall walks here: https://www.yorkwalls.org.uk/?page_id=3690

Welcome to the most popular city in the UK in 2025 (if you believe YouGov polls... https://yougov.co.uk/ratings/travel/popularity/cities/all). Staggering amount of fascinating history and Wikipedia does a decent job of making it accessible, or you can go really deep into something like the five-volume "An Inventory of the Historical Monuments in City of York": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_York https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eboracum https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandinavian_York https://www.british-history.ac.uk/rchme/york/vol1

Along with The Norman House near Stonegate, this is probably one of the oldest surviving buildings in York, and is the only Bar with its Barbican intact. Walmgate Bar consists of a passageway with arches at each end and a rectangular gatehouse of two storeys above. There are bartizans at the angles towards Lawrence Street, and at the rear is a timber-framed projection supported on two stone columns. The barbican, portcullis and wooden inner doors still remain. The Bar is built of magnesian limestone and was heavily restored in 1645–8. Its upper floors have been used by Gatehouse Coffee for a few years now, and were once a bookshop. Walmgate Bar is first mentioned in the mid 12th century. The earliest surviving masonry, the inner arch of the main gate, is of this date.

The original walls were built around 71 AD, when the Romans erected a fort (castra) occupying about 50 acres or 21.5 hectares near the banks of the River Ouse. The rectangle of walls was built as part of the fort's defences. The foundations and the line of about half of these Roman walls form part of the existing walls. Some call the existing city walls "Roman walls" which is a misnomer as very little of the extant stonework is of Roman origin, and the course of the wall has been substantially altered since Roman times. The majority of the remaining walls, which encircle the whole of the medieval city, date from the 13th – 14th century.

Monk Bar is the largest and most ornate of the bars, it dates from the early 14th century. It was a self-contained fortress, with each floor capable of being defended. On the front of the bar is an arch supporting a gallery, including 'murder-holes' through which missiles and boiling water could be rained down upon attackers. Monk Bar has the city’s only working portcullis, in use until 1970. Like the other main gateways, Monk Bar originally had a barbican on the front. This was demolished in 1825. The rooms above the gateway have had various uses over the years, including as a home and as a jail for rebellious Catholics in the 16th century.

The ancient walled city of York dates back an incredible 2,000 years. The city is characterised by its historic buildings, outstanding architecture and narrow medieval streets lined with independent shops, cafés, bars and restaurants, the most famous of these streets being the iconic Shambles.