몬테로톤도 마리티모‬에서 가장 멋진 ‪10‬개의 동굴

고고학 박물관은 마사 마리티마의 두오모 광장에 면한 고대 포데스타 궁전(1225년)에 자리하고 있습니다. 컬렉션은 하부 구석기 시대부터 에트루리아 시대까지 연대순으로 정리된 섹션으로 구성되어 있습니다. 선사 시대 컬렉션의 주요 소장품은 바도 델라란초의 구리석기 시대 석상으로, 마렘마에서 발견된 유일한 유물입니다. 에트루리아 유물은 주로 아체사 호수 마을에서 발굴된 것으로, 주로 주방용 식기, 직조추, 낚시추, 벽돌 등이 있습니다. 또한, 특히 식기류(채색 점토 및 부케로), 청동 브로치, 철제 꽃병 받침대, 철제 및 청동 무기가 포함된 네크로폴리스에서 발견된 부장품도 있습니다. 1층에는 자연 크기의 동굴 재현이 있는 교육 섹션이 마련되어 있습니다. 하나는 구석기 시대 동굴이고 다른 하나는 구리석기 시대 동굴입니다. 가이드 투어 및 교육 활동, 문화 행사 조직, 영상 상영 서비스가 제공됩니다.

거대한 Torre del Candeliere(또는 시계탑)는 높이 24m이며, Massa Marittima가 자유 도시로 독립한 지 불과 몇 년 후인 1228년에 권위를 확립하기 위해 건설되었습니다. 이 건물의 독특한 이름은 정상에 항상 불을 밝혀 거대한 촛불처럼 보이게 했던 관습에서 유래했습니다. 1413년에 처음으로 종이 설치되었고, 1760년에 현재의 약 140kg 무게의 종으로 교체되었습니다. 첫 번째 시계는 1443년에 정면에 설치되었습니다. Torre del Candeliere는 이 마을 최고의 전망 지점입니다. 따라서 방문이 가능하며, Arco Senese를 통해 오늘날까지 걸을 수 있는 유일한 성벽 구간인 Fortezza에 접근할 수 있습니다. 아치와 요새는 탑보다 나중에 건설되었습니다. 1335년 Siena가 Massa를 정복한 후, 탑은 부분적으로 철거되었다가 원래보다 약 3분의 1 낮게 재건되었습니다.

Massa Marittima is a fortified medieval village located on a hill, known for its beauty and wealth of artistic and architectural heritage. Key attractions include the magnificent Piazza Garibaldi, with the Cathedral of San Cerbone, the Palazzo del Podestà, and the Palazzo Comunale. Other points of interest include the Fonti dell'Abbondanza with its famous fresco of the Tree of Fertility and, in the upper town, the Torre del Candeliere and the Cassero Senese within the medieval walls.

The Torre del Candeliere is a museum monument that is an integral part of the Massa Marittima Museum System. The tower was erected in 1228 to both monitor the area (as a watchtower) and assert the authority of the Municipality of Massa Marittima, which had recently freed itself from the rule of the Prince-Bishop. The tower was originally a third taller than its current counterpart, the result of Siena's reconstruction following the war that brought it victory over Massa. Another Sienese initiative was the construction of the majestic arch connecting it to the Cassero, built in the center of the city to monitor the still-rebellious Massa Marittima residents, ready to rise up.

The fortification of Suvereto was commissioned by the Aldobrandeschi family, who already held public rights over Populonia, and who moved the administrative center of their holdings to the area. The original settlement consisted primarily of wooden huts and a few rough, unworked stone buildings. The first walled nucleus of the complex consists of a quadrangular tower, a structure more defensive than residential, most likely built around 1164. The walls are made of worked stone arranged in horizontal, parallel rows, with arrow slits at various heights along the walls. At the same time, the village also developed along the terraces of the hill, with a curvilinear shape of concentric rings.

The tower was erected in 1228 to both monitor the territory (as a watchtower) and assert the authority of the Municipality of Massa Marittima, which had recently freed itself from the rule of the Prince-Bishop. The tower was originally a third taller than its current counterpart, the result of Siena's reconstruction following the war that brought it victory over Massa. Another Sienese initiative was the construction of the majestic arch connecting it to the Cassero, built in the center of the city to monitor the Massa Marittima residents, who were still rebellious and ready to rise up.

Massa Marittima is a municipality located in the southern area of the Colline Metallifere, an area that has been inhabited since prehistoric times, as documented by numerous archaeological finds. The settlement is thought to be of Etruscan origin, but the city's most important period began in the 9th century, when it became a bishop's seat. From then until the 14th century, the city reached its peak splendor, thanks in part to the area's abundant mineral resources.

In 1335, Massa Marittima lost its political autonomy, having to yield to the conquest of Siena, which had long been attempting to seize control of the Massa Marittima mines. A period of economic and demographic decline followed, further exacerbated by the plague of 1348. Despite the serious problems, however, mining activity was never completely abandoned, although it was certainly significantly reduced. The Medici family, who incorporated the province of Siena into the Grand Duchy in 1557, attempted some interventions to promote the area's recovery, while a significant revival occurred in 1737 with the arrival of the House of Lorraine as successors to the extinct Medici family.