17의 뮤리발가지 명소 & 주요 장소

칼리포니아 고원(Plateau de Californie)은 Chemin des Dames의 중심부에 있으며, 베르됭(Verdun)과 마찬가지로 제1차 세계 대전의 상징적인 장소입니다. 그러나 베르됭이 승리의 국가적 상징으로 빠르게 부상한 반면, 칼리포니아 고원과 Chemin des Dames는 1917년 4월 니벨 공세의 참담한 실패, 그에 따른 반란, 1918년 여름의 붕괴와 오랫동안 연관되어 제1차 세계 대전 이후 망각, 망각, 억압의 과정에 놓였습니다. 1914년 이전, 크론(Craonne) 마을 위쪽에 있던 칼리포니아 고원은 산책과 휴식의 장소였습니다. 전쟁 후, 더 이상 경작할 수 없었던 이 고원에는 '붉은 구역'으로 분류된 곳에 소나무가 심어졌습니다. 오늘날 산책객들은 참호와 포탄 구덩이의 흔적을 발견하면서 표시된 길을 따라갈 수 있습니다. 제1차 세계 대전의 주제별 전시판, 독서판, 에인 계곡(Aisne Valley)의 파노라마 전망이 오늘날 이 표시된 하이킹 트레일을 따라 고원 곳곳에 자리하고 있습니다. 출처: https://www.chemindesdames.fr

This stone statue of Napoleon I , sculpted by Georges Thurotte in 1974, commemorates the victory of the French armies at Craonne against the Russian and Prussian armies of General Blücher on March 7, 1814 . It was built on the site of the Vauclair mill which served as an observation post during this battle...

This stone statue of Napoleon I, sculpted by Georges THUROTTE, commemorates the victory of the French armies at Craonne against the Russian and Prussian armies of General Blücher on March 7, 1814, which left 12,000 dead (7,000 French and 5,000 Russians, whose mass graves were scattered during the fighting of the First World War. Placed high on a mound and built on the former site of the Moulin de Vauclerc, which served as an observatory for the emperor, the limestone statue represents the Emperor scanning the horizon in a dignified position.

This memorial stone, located on the Plateau de Californie above the old Craonne, commemorates the fierce fighting of April-May 1917 during the Nivelle Offensive. It stands on the spot where the French army suffered heavy losses in the battle against the German defenses. The stone also pays tribute to the destroyed village of Craonne, which was not rebuilt after the war. The site is closely linked to the famous “Chanson de Craonne”, the pacifist song of the French soldiers

Deep beneath the Chemin des Dames plateau lies the Caverne du Dragon, a former limestone quarry that was transformed into a strategic underground fortress during the First World War. From 1915, German troops took over the cave and built dormitories, a chapel, an aid station and even an electricity network. Later, the cave was partially retaken by the French, and both armies temporarily lived side by side, separated by walls in the darkness. The name “Caverne du Dragon” (Drachenhöhle) refers to the mythical dragon from Germanic legends, inspired by the smoke that rose from the loopholes as if from the mouth of a monster. Today, the cave is a museum and memorial site, where visitors can explore the underground passages and experience the traces of soldiers’ lives in the depths.

The Plateau de Californie, situated above the ruined village of Craonne, was a strategic high point during the First World War. In April 1917, it became the scene of fierce fighting during the Nivelle Offensive. French troops suffered heavy losses here in their attempt to break through the German lines.

On the eastern edge of the Chemin des Dames plateau lies the Ferme d’Hurtebise, a place that played a crucial role during both the Napoleonic Wars and the First World War. In 1814, it was the scene of the Battle of Craonne, and exactly a century later it again became a strategic junction in the struggle between French and German troops. From September 1914 onwards, fierce fighting took place here. The farm overlooked the Ailette and Aisne valleys, making it a fiercely contested observation post. French units, including Zouaves and the 12th and 49th Infantry Regiments, tried to hold or retake the farm, often with heavy losses. The family that owned the farm sheltered in the cellar for days while the building was under fire. After months of fighting and bombardment, the farm was reduced to ruins, crisscrossed by trenches. Today the site is a symbol of resistance and sacrifice, and is part of the Chemin des Dames memorial landscape.

Here we explain a lot about the war of attrition in the First World War. The whole area was very much fought over and there are many places where this is remembered.