Impossible to forget the impression felt when arriving in Baume-les-Messieurs as everything is excessive here. Nestled at the bottom of the valley between high cliffs, the abbey seems very tiny, and yet...
The caves have been frequented by man since prehistoric times, but it was not until 869 that the name of Baume appeared in the texts: Lothair II, king of Burgundy, then entrusted the archbishop of Besançon with the cellula of Baume and the abbatiola of Chateau-Chalon. In fact, recent archaeological research carried out in Baume reveals that the conventual buildings of the High Middle Ages were already of importance, with windows decorated with stained glass with geometric patterns: was the monastery founded, like Gigny and Cluny, in a pre-existing domain? In any case, Bernon, abbot of Gigny, brought Baume into history when he received the cellula from it in 890. According to tradition, it was with six monks from Gigny and six from Baume that he left to found Cluny in 910.
The abbey of Baume has always sought to mark its independence from Cluny: powerful, well-endowed, it passed into commendation in the 15th century. Its successive abbots carried out numerous construction campaigns and embellishments: the current state of the abbey gives a good idea of the articulation of the spaces necessary for the life of the monks and the vestiges of a sumptuous decoration, a statuary of high quality, a remarkable altarpiece offered by the City of Ghent around 1525 recalls the past splendor of this abbey secularized in 1759. The buildings are now shared between various owners, public and private.
Around the abbey, the buildings of the village preserve the memory of agricultural activities which have long been essential to human life. For centuries, the peasants of the plateau took the very steep path of the Échelles de Crançot to bring their cereals to the communal mill of the abbey. Tourists now use this steep path to reach the belvederes from where the gaze plunges into the remoteness traversed by the Dard which springs from the caves in cascades and formerly operated many mills.