フォレストホイア周辺のおすすめシティハイキング＆ウォーキング

The Tailors' Bastion is the only fortification tower from the old citadel that has survived completely to this day. The bastion was financed by the Cluj Tailors' Guild, which was also responsible for the city's defense at this point. The bastion forms the southeast corner of the medieval fortress, which was built starting in the 15th century (it is first mentioned in 1475). Between 1627 and 1629, the bastion was rebuilt according to the plans of the Italian architect Giacomo Resti after the gunpowder stored in the tower exploded as a result of a lightning strike. This is how it acquired its present form. To the north, a section of the stone wall with battlements and the guard route on the wall still survives.

The statue of Baba Novac, created by the sculptor Virgil Fulicea in 1975, replaced a cross erected here in 1936. On February 5, 1601, the captured general of Prince Mihai Viteazul (Michael the Brave) was sentenced to death for high treason by the Hungarians and burned at the stake in the Cluj Citadel. His body was publicly displayed here next to the Tailors' Bastion. Born around 1530, Baba Novac was a Serbian hajduke who distinguished himself as a mercenary in the fight against the Ottoman Empire. In Serbia and Romania, he is considered a national hero.

The bronze sculptures by Liviu Mocanu, popularly known as the "Shot Columns", commemorate the fighters against the Ceaușescu dictatorship and for freedom and democracy. During the 1989 revolution, 26 people died in Cluj-Napoca, 13 of them in Piața Unirii. Another 57 people were injured, 28 of them in this square. The monument, erected in 2003, consists of seven cylindrical parts, each of which is between two and a half and three and a half meters high, each of which bears the symbolic marks of bullets. Next to it are two bronze plaques engraved with the names of the 13 victims.

Unity Square (Piața Unirii) is the heart of Cluj-Napoca. At 220 by 160 metres, it is one of the largest urban squares in the country. It is dominated by a number of historic buildings such as St. Michael's Church or Banffy Palace, as well as the Matthias Corvinus Monument in its centre. There are paid parking spaces and public toilets here. The remains of Roman buildings (Vestigii romane) can be seen under a glass cover.

The Cluj-Napoca City Hall was built at the end of the 19th century according to the plans of Ignác Alpár. With its Viennese Baroque-style façade and corner bell tower with clock, the building was initially the seat of the Royal Hungarian government of the Kolozs region (Cluj-Napoca is called Kolozsvár in Hungarian). With around 325,000 inhabitants, Cluj-Napoca is the second largest city in Romania and the largest city in Transylvania.

The Matthias Corvinus Monument (Monumentul Matia Corvin) is a bronze equestrian statue created by the Hungarian sculptor János Fadrusz and erected in 1902. It shows the Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus ("the Raven"), who was born on February 23, 1443 in Cluj-Napoca. Corvinus ruled over Hungary and Croatia from 1458 until his death on April 6, 1490 in Vienna and was also (counter-)king of Bohemia from 1469 to 1490. He conquered large parts of the Habsburg hereditary lands and ruled these areas from Vienna from 1485 onwards. The monument and the inscription on the base have often caused a stir in the past; this culminated in civil war-like unrest between Hungarians and Romanians before the turn of the millennium. The diplomatic result is the current inscription in Latin: "Rex Mathias"

The landmark of Cluj-Napoca is St. Michael's Church (Biserica Sfântul Mihail) in the city center. It is considered the most important example of a three-aisled Gothic hall church in Transylvania. Its construction probably began around 1350 on the site of a former St. James's Chapel. The choir was built in the first phase. The building was originally intended to have two towers, but one remained unfinished. The completed tower on the north side, built between 1834 and 1863 in the neo-Gothic style, is 80 meters high including the cross, making it the highest church tower in Romania. Because of the nearby Cluj airport, a red light flashes at the top. The church is now used by the Roman Catholic community of Cluj. From 1566 until the Counter-Reformation in 1716, St. Michael's Church was the parish church of the Unitarian community. The reformer Franz David held his first anti-Trinitarian sermon here in 1566. At the end of the 18th century, the Unitarian community built its own church, the Unitarian Church. After it was returned to the Catholics, the church was expanded with baroque elements, such as the pulpit, which is crowned by the patron saint, Saint Michael, slaying the dragon.

The Bishop of the Diocese of Alba Iulia, Áron Márton, was President of the Romanian Bishops' Conference from 1970 until his death in 1980. Because of his opposition to the planned deportation of Romanian and Hungarian Jews during the Second World War, Márton was awarded the Israeli honorary title "Righteous Among the Nations" on December 27, 1999.