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Remnants of a fortress moat between the Weser and Aue rivers. The town was built on flood-protected dune terrain in the triangle between the Weser and Aue. To protect against attacks, a moat was dug from the Weser to the Aue, so that the town was completely surrounded by water. After the fortress was dismantled during the French occupation in 1808, the moat was gradually filled in. The Albert Schweitzer School, formerly a Latin school and now home to one of Nienburg's two grammar schools, stands on the site of the remaining section of the fortifications.

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Nienburg's oldest house stands at Kleine Kirchstraße 2, right next to St. Martin's Church. It was built around 1490-1500 and is part of the original development surrounding the church. Its slightly crooked appearance is not without reason, as naturally grown oak beams had to be used for economic reasons at the time, and so the inhabitants quite naturally lived on a sloping floor. This is still visible from the outside today, as the house's basic structure has been preserved. Also, almost nothing has changed in the surrounding area. The unique location next to the chancel of St. Martin's Church prevented any alterations. In and around the house, one can easily imagine oneself transported back to a time over 500 years ago. At that time, castles were being replaced by urban fortresses, and Nienburg became the strongest fortress in the Middle Weser region. It was the time of Copernicus, Columbus, Riemenschneider, Dürer, and Leonardo da Vinci, who was competing with Michelangelo in Italy and had just completed what is now the world's most famous painting, the Mona Lisa. Humanity still believed it lived on a flat surface and could only feel somewhat safe behind fortress walls. Source: https://www.pension-st-martin.de/Wie-alles-begann

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The Heinrich Albert Oppermann Monument in Nienburg/Weser commemorates one of the most important figures in the town's 19th-century history. Located near the historic ramparts, it is now part of the town's memorial landscape. The monument is a stone obelisk, topped with a bronze medallion bearing Heinrich Albert Oppermann's portrait. This medallion, created by the Celle sculptor Carl Ferdinand Hartzer, lends the monument a dignified, classical appearance. Heinrich Albert Oppermann was born in Göttingen in 1812 and later lived and worked for many years in Nienburg, where he died in 1870. He was a lawyer, writer, publicist, and politically active citizen. As a lawyer and member of parliament, he championed liberal ideals, the rule of law, and political participation. He became known, among other things, for his support of the "Göttingen Seven," who protested against the abolition of the Hanoverian constitution. In addition, Oppermann was a literary figure and, as editor of the Nienburg Weekly, significantly influenced the intellectual life of the city. Originally, the monument was erected as a tomb in the Nienburg cemetery. Later, it was moved to its current location to more clearly highlight Oppermann's importance to the city. Today, the monument not only commemorates Heinrich Albert Oppermann but also symbolizes the commitment to freedom, justice, and democratic values in the 19th century and is an integral part of Nienburg's historical heritage.

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The glacial erratics from Småland in Nienburg/Weser are impressive relics of a natural history dating back tens of thousands of years. These large, often smoothly polished boulders originally came from the southern Swedish region of Småland and were transported to northern Germany by mighty glaciers during the last Ice Age. As the ice sheet slowly moved south, it tore rocks from the Scandinavian bedrock and carried them over long distances. When the ice melted, these so-called erratics were left behind in the landscape – far from their place of origin. Such glacial erratics, which can be geologically clearly attributed to Sweden, can also be found in Nienburg. Their composition, such as granite or gneiss, as well as characteristic structures, allow conclusions to be drawn about their Småland origin. They thus vividly illustrate the immense forces of the Ice Age and demonstrate how profoundly glaciers shaped the landscape we see today. The glacial erratics are silent witnesses to history, forging a connection between the Nienburg region and Scandinavia. Beyond their geological significance, these erratics also play a cultural and design role. In Nienburg, they are deliberately used as striking elements in the cityscape and green spaces, serving simultaneously as a starting point for environmental education and the preservation of historical memory.

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The Weser port of Nienburg is closely linked to the city's economic and urban development and exemplifies the importance of the Weser River as a transport and trade route. Nienburg recognized its advantageous location on a navigable stretch of the river early on, leveraging its role in transporting goods and conducting trade. The port evolved as a transshipment point between river shipping and the hinterland, contributing significantly to the city's prosperity. The Weser port experienced a period of great importance, particularly in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Agricultural products, building materials, timber, and other goods were loaded and transported here. The port was a major employer and a vibrant hub where ship owners, merchants, and craftsmen converged. Simultaneously, it shaped the city's image as a confident Weser River trading center. With the transformation of transportation structures and the increasing importance of road and rail, the Weser port gradually lost its central economic function during the 20th century. Nevertheless, it has been preserved as an important infrastructural and historical site. Parts of the port area were transformed into areas for leisure, recreation and urban use, while the proximity to the Weser river remained a defining feature.

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The Steinhuder Meerbach is an important natural watercourse in Lower Saxony that shapes the landscape between Lake Steinhude and the Middle Weser River. It originates in Lake Steinhude, the largest lake in Northwest Germany, and forms its only natural outflow. From there, the stream flows northeast through a diverse lowland landscape, traversing wetlands, meadows, and small villages before finally emptying into the Weser River near Nienburg. Historically, the Steinhuder Meerbach was of great importance to the region. For centuries, it regulated the water level of Lake Steinhude, thus directly influencing agriculture and settlement development in the surrounding area. At the same time, it served as a drainage and transport route, for example, for peat from the surrounding moorlands. Over time, the stream's course was altered several times through hydraulic engineering measures to control flooding and facilitate the use of adjacent land. The Steinhuder Meerbach also plays a central ecological role. Its shoreline provides habitat for numerous animal and plant species, including waterfowl, amphibians, and typical floodplain plants. As a link between Lake Steinhude and the Weser River, it is part of a larger ecological network and contributes to the exchange of water and nutrients.

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The town hall is one of the oldest and most impressive buildings in the city. The first town hall tower, featuring a bell, was built in 1614. It received its current form in 1778/79 and was renovated in 2012.

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Nienburg offers two absolute highlights. It begins and ends with an almost medieval town, and to the west of the town, on the Weser River, lies a nature reserve of renaturalized gravel pits, which is truly something special. This area is worth a visit at any time of year.

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