For a long time Verdun was the seat of the Maas Rabbinate, and the Jewish community grew until the beginning of the 20th century. The synagogue was built in 1805 on the site of the former Dominican monastery from the 13th century. Already in 1808, the Jewish community Verdun was affiliated to the Consistory of Nancy, but she remained responsible for the maintenance of the synagogue. Financial difficulties forced the owners to sell the building and outbuildings to the city of Verdun in 1866. The German-French War of 1870 led to the siege of Verdun and the synagogue was largely destroyed in the artillery attacks. In 1872, Verdun City Council decided to leave the remains of the building to the Nancy Consistory for free. In the same year, the synagogue was rebuilt according to the plans of the architect Henri Mazilier and inaugurated in early 1875. The slightly Moorish style alludes to Byzantine influences in late medieval Jewish architecture. The synagogue, desecrated and defiled by the Germans during the Second World War, was restored after the war. At the end of the 1990s, extensive restorations were carried out, including the billboards, which had been destroyed in a violent storm in August 1958 and are now taking their place over the portal again.