The then Sanctuary of Nossa Senhora do Monte Serrat was founded around 1580. The architectural ensemble dates from the second half of the 17th century and was designed by the Italian architect Baccio de Filicaya. Around this time, he acquired the main altar from the Church of São Bento. The small church was built by the Governor of Brazil, Francisco de Souza, at the same time he was building the Fort of São Felipe. Francisco de Souza donated the temple to the Convent of São Bento. At the beginning of the 20th century, it was renovated, and the main altar received ornaments from the Church of São Bento. It houses an image of São Pedro Arrependido by Frei Agostinho da Piedade.