La Roche-sur-Yon station was opened in 1866 under the name "Napoléon-Vendée" by the Compagnie des chemins de fer de la Vendée. It was created when the line linking Nantes to La Rochelle and Tours opened, representing a major challenge in opening up the city and the growth of local commerce. Its establishment initially sparked local debates and required the mayor to intervene with Napoleon III to defend the city's interests. Located outside the main urban center for topographical reasons, the station encouraged the creation of a new district of hotels and shops linked to the railway. Over time, it has become an important regional railway hub, today served by several passenger and freight lines.