Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge is a 278,000-acre wildlife sanctuary that was established in 1936 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt mainly to protect pronghorns. The refuge spans diverse landscapes from high desert to shallow playa lakes, and is home to over 300 species of wildlife, including pronghorn, bighorn sheep, mule deer, sage grouse, and Great Basin redband trout.
The Oregon Desert Trail runs through the refuge, passing Hart Mountain Hot Springs and the headquarter.