Grabinka
The area is located entirely within the State Forests and falls under the Radziwiłłów Forest District. It includes a small stream (Grabinka), along with a narrow valley and fragments of adjacent areas. Grabinka carries water mainly in early spring from March to May. In hot, dry years with little rainfall, Grabinka is almost completely dry, and small amounts of water stagnate in depressions near beaver dams. The ridges of today's terrain of the entire region were formed during the Central Polish glaciation (Warta stadial). The Grabinka Valley is cut out in formations composed of Holocene sands and gravels. The valley floor and, to a lesser extent, its slopes are filled with fertile brown and rusty soils, and in places peat. Forest management in the Grabinka Valley area is extensive. In the valley itself, no forestry work was carried out that could worsen the condition of forest species or habitats. The forests in the valley belong to the group of protective forests. The analyzed area is dominated by oak-hornbeam habitats (in the forest typology - Lw, Lśw, LMśw), and the tree stands are composed of pine, oak, hornbeam, alder, and (in smaller quantities) lime, elm, birch.