On a gentle hill above the Gulf of Euboea lay the ancient demos of Rhamnous, of which the remains of a theater and the foundations of some houses have been preserved. Attica. Here was a place of worship of Nemesis, goddess of balancing justice and righteous anger (who became the goddess of vengeance).
The Nemesis cult in Rhamnous was ended in 399 AD by the decree of the Byzantine emperor Arcadius, who ordered the destruction of the remaining pagan temples.
Rhamnous was fortified as an outpost as early as the 5th century BC and expanded into a coastal fortress in the 4th century. The fortifications covered an area of about 230 × 270 m. The walls were built from polygonal marble blocks from Agia Marina. The fortress was of strategic importance for the protection of shipping in the Euripos. Protected by the fortified acropolis were two small ports - one on each side of the fortified hill - through which Athens imported grain during the Peloponnesian War. The place from which the orator Antiphon of Rhamnus (* around 480 BC) came was a popular summer resort for Athenians until the 2nd century AD.