The Moldova (German Moldau, not to be confused with the Moldau in Czech) is a river in northeastern Romania. It rises in the Bukovina region in Suceava County and flows into the Sereth near the town of Roman in Neamț County. It is 237 km long, has a catchment area of 4315 km² and (just before its confluence with the Sereth) a water flow of 32 m³/s.
The former Principality of Moldova probably got its name from this river. The name of the Moldova region, through which the river of the same name flows, also derives from this river name, as does the part of the region that is now outside Romania east of the Prut, today's Republic of Moldova, although its territory is not touched.
In the area of the upper reaches of the Moldova there are numerous Romanian Orthodox monasteries, which are usually referred to as Moldavian monasteries. Eight of these monasteries and their churches were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1993.