Puertollano is a Spanish town in the province of Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha. Traditionally, it has been associated with oil shale and coal mining and industry. The area in which Puertollano is located has been inhabited since prehistory, with archaeological remains found that correspond to Homo heidelbergensis and Homo antecessor. During the Middle Ages the city was born, linked to the repopulation process of Castile during the 13th century. In the 16th century, Puertollano received the rank of town, a privilege granted by Philip II. At that time Puertollano was an important agricultural and livestock center. The demographic consolidation of the city occurred at the end of the 19th century, with the development of coal mining and the inauguration of the train line between Madrid and Badajoz. Its cultural heritage It corresponds mainly to religious buildings, such as the church of Nuestra Señora de la Soledad (14th century), the church of the Virgen de Gracia (15th century) and the church of the Asunción (16th century). There is also a mining museum, and an old medicinal sour water spa, known as the Bath House, which today is a municipal service to citizens.