Kayseri Castle and Walls, which were built in the 3rd century during the Roman Period and narrowed in the 6th century during the Byzantine Period; it was rebuilt in its present form during the reign of Seljuk Sultan Alaeddin Keykubat I. It was repaired twice during the time of the Karamanids and Osmanids.
The castle, which protects the city center of Kayseri, which is located on the transportation passages in Central Anatolia, is a medieval castle with its old presence and additions made over time. Historical Kayseri City and Castle is built on a flat area and consists of two parts as the Outer Castle and the Inner Castle. The Inner Castle was built higher than the Outer Castle and became a separate castle with the city walls added around it.
In 1948, Prof. Dr. Tahsin Özgüç started systematic excavations in Kültepe Kaniş/Karum, 22 kilometers northeast of Kayseri, and the artifacts unearthed by Prof. Dr. Tahsin Özgüç and the increasing number of artifacts purchased and donated from the environment caused difficulties in providing space in the museum exhibition and warehouses, and in 1965, the construction of the previously used museum building was started and opened to visitors on June 26, 1969. Kayseri Archeology Museum, which served here for about 50 years, moved to the new Museum building located in Kayseri Castle and opened to visitors with its new structure as of October 19, 2019.