Around the year 1000, the Counts of Mochental built Mochental Castle and a chapel. This was in 1049 by Pope Leo IX. consecrated to St. Nicholas. In 1192 Count Ulrich I von Berg donated the castle with the chapel to the Zwiefalten monastery. Mochental became its provost.
From the middle of the 16th century to the middle of the 17th century, instead of the crumbling castle, the provost's office and the Nikolaus chapel were renewed and expanded several times. In 1730 the main building of the provost's office was destroyed in a fire. In the following three years, the brothers Joseph and Martin Schneider under Abbot Augustin built the castle with its 365 windows in its present form.
In 1734 the church painter Franz Josef Spiegler painted the chapel with pictures from the life of St. Nicholas. [1] In 1737 the Riedling painter Joseph Ignaz Wegscheider painted an oriental feast in the Hubertussaal. As part of the secularization, the Zwiefalten monastery and thus Mochental fell to the Duchy and later Kingdom of Württemberg on November 25, 1802. In 1816 the last abbot of Zwiefalten died at Mochental Castle.
Between 1822 and 1976 the castle was used in various ways. It served as a forestry office, as accommodation for labor service, then as the administrative seat of the French military government and later as a boarding school. After a privately financed interior renovation, the art gallery Schloss Mochental was opened in 1985, which is managed by the curator and art Karlsruhe founder Ewald Karl Schrade.