The first documented mention of the place, which shows that the area of present-day Erlabrunn belonged to the Counts of Rieneck, dates back to 1209. When the Count took out a loan from the Bishop of Würzburg, he pledged the land to the Bishopric of Würzburg, which belonged to the Franconian Imperial Circle.
On May 1, 1525, farmers from the surrounding area gathered in Erlabrunn, where they wrote a letter calling for people to come to Erlabrunn and help remove the burdens imposed on the farmers by the Prince-Bishop and their landlords. First, the farmers stormed the Karlburg, whose garrison fled to Würzburg's Marienberg, where the event ended on May 15 with the deaths of approximately 250 farmers.
As part of the Franconian Imperial Circle, Erlabrunn was secularized in favor of Bavaria in 1803. Then, in the Peace of Pressburg (1805), it was transferred to Archduke Ferdinand III of Tuscany to form the Grand Duchy of Würzburg, with which it reverted to Bavaria in 1814. As part of the administrative reforms in Bavaria, the present municipality was created with the Municipal Edict of 1818.
Source: Wikipedia