Medieval fortress located in the city of Sudak in the south-eastern part of Crimea on rocky coastal hills. It is the best preserved monument in the Black Sea basin from the heyday and expansion of the medieval Genoese Republic. The fortress was built after the Genoese took over the area in 1365 by the Venetians with the consent of the Tatars. It was part of the entire set of Genoese fortresses on the southern coast of Crimea, protecting the country's interests in this region and, next to the fortress in Kaffa (today's Feodosia), it was the strongest link in this complex. The construction site was selected due to the defensive qualities of the site (mountains, sea). The entire fortification was built on a diamond plan. The fortress was accessible practically only from the north-east, and from this side the Genoese built a deep moat, separating the walls from the surrounding areas, over which a bridge leading to the main gate was lowered. The construction was continued in the years 1381-1430. There was a large settlement inside the walls. In the central part of the fortress there was a square with a loggia and a commune hall. In the immediate vicinity of this building, a cistern and a fountain were erected, and in the vicinity of the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary and three churches. The area of 29.5 ha was surrounded on all sides by walls 1 km long, 6-8 m high and 2 m thick. Some towers were 15 m high. The fortress was conquered by the Turks in the summer of 1475 as the last bastion of the Genoese resistance in Crimea, and the defenders of the fortress, numbering one thousand, led by the last Genoese consul, Sudaku Cristofero di Negro, fell in the fight. pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twierdza_genue%C5%84ska_w_Sudaku
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