Line 150 is built by the Belgian State Railways to connect the lower Sambre to the French Ardennes: two industrial basins connected by water but for which rail represents a significant acceleration.
The Ermeton-sur-Biert - Anhée section (near Dinant) is also called "Ligne de la Molignée", named after the river whose valley it follows. The line has a second section between Jemelle and Dinant. This second section - also called "Ligne de la Lesse" - was also referenced under line number 152 at the time of the Belgian state company. If the two sections have the same name, it is because initially they were a single line, integrating the Dinant - Houyet junction. The evolution of the two sections will, however, be relatively independent. Since the closure of the Jemelle - Houyet section, the remaining section (Houyet - Dinant) is administratively integrated into line 166.