A sub-camp, and from November 1943 a concentration camp to which all "industrial" sub-camps existing within the Auschwitz complex were subordinated. It was established in the area of the displaced and demolished Polish village of Monowice, in the place previously designated for one of the ten barrack camps designed for IG Farben forced laborers. The first approx. 2 thousand. prisoners were transferred there at the end of October 1942, and then the condition of the camp was supplemented to 6,000. in 1943 and almost 11 thousand. in the late summer of 1944, the prisoners lived in 59 wooden barracks (and one of the concrete slabs), each of which was equipped with: 56 three-level bunks, several tables and stools, and a central heating system. Despite the somewhat better conditions than in Birkenau and the provision of additional portions of camp soup (food), the prisoners of Monowitz quickly lost their strength due to hard work and died or fell victim to selection. In total, 1,670 prisoners were murdered or died at the factory construction site and in the camp hospital, while as many as 11,000 were sent to Auschwitz and Birkenau, where most of them were either killed with phenol injections (pinning) or killed in gas chambers. The commandant of the Auschwitz III-Monowitz camp, renamed the Monowitz camp in November 1944, was SS-Hauptsturmführer Heinrich Schwarz throughout its entire existence. He had about 440 SS men at his disposal. In January 1945, the prisoners were evacuated on foot to Gliwice, from where they were transported by train to the Buchenwald and Mauthausen camps. auschwitz.org/historia/podobozy/monowitz
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