Colognole is a small hamlet of the municipality of Collesalvetti (province of Livorno, Tuscany), located on a hill, about a dozen kilometers from Livorno.
The toponym "Colognole" or "Colognola" is rather common in Italy and originates from the Latin Coloniola, ie small colony. In the newly conquered territories, the Romans used to build colonies of former soldiers ready to step in to give a hand to the army in caseof riots.
Over time, some of them became cities that often retain their ancient origin in their present name: Mediolanum (Milan) Arelate (Arles), Colonia Agrippina (Köln), Augusta Treverorum (Trier), Castellum ad Confluentes (Koblenz)...
From Colognole the road goes down to SS.206, the ancient Via Emilia Scauri (from the name of its creator Marcus Aemilius Scaurus), which was built by Romans in the 2nd century BC., to face the northern incursions of the Celtic tribes of the Ligurians.
Just in this area, a milestone (2nd century AD) was found that reminds the road and its origin.