A splendid town in the Tufo area, in the heart of the Tuscan Maremma, Pitigliano is one of the most beautiful villages in Italy and has an orange flag for tourism. Also nicknamed the Little Jerusalem, because starting from the 16th century it housed a large Jewish community within its walls, Pitigliano is today one of the most fascinating historic villages in Italy. The town stands on the valleys of the Lente, Meleta and Prochio streams, offering a wonderful view of the wild and uncontaminated nature of this area of the Tuscan Maremma. The territory of Pitigliano has been inhabited since the Neolithic, but it is with the arrival of the Etruscans that the real history of the Tuscan town begins. The Etruscans built the famous Vie Cave, very ancient communication routes dug by hand in the tuffaceous rock, used as a communication and defense route, the first villages, and the wonderful Necropolis, the City of the Dead. Legend instead has it that Pitigliano was created by two young Romans Petilio and Celiano who, fleeing Rome after the theft of Jupiter's golden crown, took refuge in the countryside of this area, founding the village which took the name of Petiliano originally, from the merger of those of the two Romans, then becoming, in the following centuries, Pitigliano.