블라디미르‬에서 가장 멋진 ‪14‬개의 천연기념물

But they could have come here to Vladimir.

Bald Mountain is one of the most mysterious and beautiful places near Gorokhovets. It rises almost 100 meters above the Klyazma River. It offers a stunning view of the endless forests and the wide floodplain through which the river meanders, along with floodplain meadows and mirror-like lakes. Bald Mountain received its name from the almost complete absence of vegetation, unlike the neighboring hills, where forests flourish. This unusual natural phenomenon has yet to be scientifically explained, but it has given rise to legends. In 1545, the army of the Kazan Khan Amanak, who had been plundering the Nizhny Novgorod lands for several years, was defeated near Gorokhovets. According to legend, the Khan himself died here. He was buried on the banks of the Klyazma River; each soldier brought a handful of earth to his grave, forming a mound. Since then, not a single tree has grown on it. However, the mountain's artificial origin was not confirmed by archaeological excavations conducted in the late 1920s by the renowned scholar Professor O.N. Bader. Research revealed that Lysaya Gora is a natural hill, inhabited as early as the 6th-5th centuries BC by people who did not know metal and used stone and wooden tools. Pottery and bone artifacts (hairpins, awls, and amulets) found in the settlement indicate that settlement continued in this area as early as the first millennium AD. This settlement was fortified on three sides by the steep banks of the Klyazma River and on the fourth by earthen ramparts, the remains of which survive to this day. The Lysaya Gora settlement is currently designated an archaeological site of federal significance.

Mokeeva Gora is an archaeological site of the 12th century. It is located 500 m northeast of the village. The hill is oriented to the southeast, its length is 80-100 meters, and the width at the base is 12-15 meters, the height is about 8-10 meters. According to the official version, it is part of an ancient defensive structure. The name of the object varies. In addition to the official Mokeeva Gora, listed in the directory of Historical and Cultural Monuments of the Vladimir Region, local residents call it Tatar Mountain, Simeonova Gora. Purpose of the object: 1. One of the legends says that there was an outpost on the Mokeev Kurgan, where the Tivuns collected duties from merchant boats sailing along the Klyazma. 2. Another legend says that the body of some prince with all his property is buried inside the rampart. The water in the spring that has broken through from under the shaft has an increased content of silver ions, as it washes silver cups, bowls, swords and other utensils that the mountain keeps in itself. Or the warriors who died in the battle with the Tatar-Mongol invaders are buried in the mound. And all their weapons and wealth are buried with the warriors. And the water that beats out from under the ground, washing the silver handles of the blades, is considered holy. 3. The shaft is designed to transmit signals (in the form of fires) to the capital Vladimir. An interesting feature of the earthen structure is the unusually wide panorama of the surrounding area. Along the direction of its ridge, Mokeeva Mountain looks strictly beyond the Klyazma River to the village of Spas-Kupalishche (5 km) with a monastery located in it (in the 12th century, there were several large settlements in the area of the village of Spas-Kupalishche). If you turn around, you can see the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir (23 km) from the mountain. In the 12th century, there were very few roads, so the main routes of movement were riverbeds. One fire could be lit on the rampart, or several could be lit along the entire rampart, which were visible in Vladimir, i.e. information about movements along the Sudogda and Klyazma rivers towards Vladimir could be transmitted from this hill.

The Patakinskaya grove is a highly productive old-growth (110–130 years) mixed forest with a predominance of small-leaved species (birch, aspen) and broad-leaved species (oak, linden, maple, elm) in the stand; pine and spruce are also present. The undergrowth includes warty euonymus, common hazel, common rowan, and forest honeysuckle. Area of the territory: 40 hectares. Two-fifths (39.4%) of all flora in the Kamenskovsky district is concentrated on the territory of the natural monument. The landscape of the reserve has high aesthetic value. The original bank of the Klyazma forms a natural observation deck with a magnificent view of the river, floodplain meadows and oak groves. There are interesting historical and cultural sites. On the outskirts of the village. In Patakino there is the Church of the Life-Giving Trinity (1824), which is currently undergoing reconstruction. Next to it there is a functioning tuberculosis dispensary, which occupies part of the buildings of the old manor house of Count S. D. Bezobrazov (first half of the 19th century). In addition, in the vicinity of the village of Patakino and the village of Kunitsyno, archaeologists have discovered several ancient Russian settlements of the 11th-13th centuries and an early Iron Age settlement. Near the village of Patakino, a fragment of an old manor park from the 19th century has been preserved. On the eastern edge of the reserve, there is a pine forest (the average age of the pines is about 120 years) with an admixture of oak and linden on a picturesque slope near the river. The vast ravines near the village of Kunitsyno are covered with broad-leaved (oak and linden) forest with an admixture of birch and aspen. In the western and northern parts of the reserve. To the southeast of the village of Kunitsyno there is a section of pure birch forest aged 50–60 years, unique in its landscape and aesthetic appeal. Closer to the river, the age of the birches reaches 100 years.

In 1986, by the decision of the executive committee of the Vladimir regional Council of People's Deputies, the natural monument of regional significance "Kizhanovskie Klyuchi" was created in order to preserve unique natural objects of great scientific, practical, economic, aesthetic, recreational, health value, rare and endangered species of plants and animals of the region. Near the spring, a channel from the Klyazma River to Lake Plavucheye meanders through the meadows. Two springs. Located on the shore of the lake. Both are sources of clean drinking water. Situated in the lower third of the sloping slope of the first floodplain terrace of the left bank of the Klyazma River. Located 30 m from the path leading from the village of Kizhan to the summer health camp. Now it is a specially protected natural area (SPNA) "Kizhanovskie Klyuchi". People regularly come to the spring for clean and tasty water. Near the spring, in the summer, the annual bard song festival “Kizhanskie Klyuchi” takes place.

The spring in the village of Zernevo is the largest surface water source in the Vladimir region by flow rate, here you can drink mineral water "Silver Falcon" and "Suzdalskaya" for free. Its uniqueness is that it is located in a protected state reserve created to preserve the local landscape, the purity of rivers and groundwater. The spring has been famous since the 17th century. During its passage through geological rocks, the water is saturated with oxygen and enriched with minerals. Contains calcium, magnesium and silver ions.

The name of the reservoir is of Finno-Ugric origin, but the local population knows this lake better under the name Kazennoye. Lake Suekhra is a forest, picturesque, quite clean and the most important lake in the recreational sense of the Sobinsky district. The lake is of ancient valley origin, originally formed as an oxbow lake of the Klyazma River, but has long lost contact with it. The length is about 1 km, the width is 300 m, the maximum depth is 2.5 m, the average is 1.5 m. The water is clean, transparent, odorless. The banks are gentle, sandy, in places swampy. The bottom is covered with a thick layer of sapropel. In the coastal zone, black alder and birch forests with an admixture of spruce, aspen, pine predominate. On the shores of the lake, several fire pits and permanent rest areas are arranged.

The open-air museum of glacial stones is a new attraction of Kirzhach. It was fully opened only in April 2020 - on Geologist's Day. The stones were brought in gradually - initially they just lay on the territory of the future museum, so many residents of Kirzhach looked at them in advance. By spring, the glacial stones were collected into a full-fledged object with a circular structure. In terms of content, the museum departs from the usual framework: there is open space around, and a pedestrian path runs right through its territory. Advantages of the museum: - Many types of glacial stones are presented: granite, basalt, diabase, quartzite, gabbro and others. - Why the stones are glacial: 800 million years ago, a glacier stopped near Kirzhach. - The museum has a labyrinth of stones. Information stands provide information about the ice age and the history of the Vladimir land, about the worship of stones. - Lake "Heart" is another symbol in the Museum's concept, which complements the overall picture. - The museum's collection will continue to gradually fill with stones brought from different parts of Russia. In the future, the territory will also expand. The author of the idea to create the museum is philanthropist Evgeny Fedorov. He dedicated the museum to geology, which for Kirzhach is also connected with history. The city of Kirzhach used to be the center of geology in the entire region - a geological exploration party was stationed here. The actual location of the museum in the city is also important: next to it is a furniture factory, and right behind it is the "Geologorazvedka" microdistrict. Stones for the museum were provided by activists and geological explorers.