트라베르셀라‬에서 가장 멋진 ‪12‬개의 동굴

just before this point it is difficult to find the path, it passes right next to the last house, then continues for a short stretch that can be cycled, and then... a mule track, difficult on foot without a bike in tow, so to speak. But it can be done slowly, patience comes from the Albard plateau passed just before. Splendid areas. At the end of the mule track and the final staircase, you will be at the foot of the village of Bard, a special place.

Passage made during Erratico Gravel

The Castello di Ivrea, also known as the “Castello dalle rosse torri” (Castle of the Red Towers), is an impressive medieval castle that towers over the town of Ivrea in the Piedmont region. The castle was built in 1358 by order of Amedeo VI of Savoy, also known as the Conte Verde. It served as a symbol of Savoyard rule over Ivrea and Canavese, mainly for defensive purposes. It stands on a hill overlooking the town and the road to the Valle d’Aosta. The castle has four imposing round towers that characterize its structure. These towers, each 34 meters high, are located next to the cathedral and the bishop’s palace. The castle walls were once surrounded by a wide moat, and the only access was via a drawbridge. From the battlements, defenders could throw stones and boiling water at attackers. Unfortunately, the interior of the castle was completely dismantled and altered when it served as a political and criminal prison from 1700 to 1970. Once a stronghold of power and defense, the castle was transformed by time and the changing needs of society.

In addition to many temporary exhibitions, often aimed at promoting and learning about the culture and territory of the Aosta Valley and the Alps, the Forte di Bard includes three permanent museums. 1.) On the top floor is the Museum of the Alps. Here the secrets of the mountain have been presented through a multimedia path and interactive installations. A truly worthwhile and informative museum!!! 2.) A second museum room is dedicated to the prisons of the fort, twenty-four narrow cells (1.3 x 2 meters) distributed in four areas and accessed from a gallery decorated with historical prints and paintings that tell the story of the building. 3.) Finally, the Fortress and Border Museum of the Opera Ferdinando offers a journey through the history of the Bard through a parade of historical and plastic weapons, including scale models of defensive structures and miniature armies. Source: https://www.visititaly.eu/it/luoghi-e-itinerari/cosa-vedere-a-bard-borgo-in-valle-aosta

Ivrea, the cradle of the Olivetti company and its famous typewriters, is located on the right bank of the Dora Baltea, west of the Serra di Ivrea, the largest moraine wall in Europe. The silhouette of a 14th century castle rises above the city. In the upper town there is also the originally Romanesque Duomo, which was renovated in the 19th century. On the other bank of the Dora, near Via Jervis, the old Olivetti factories have been converted into Musea dell'Architecture Moderna.

The Fort de Bard, which has remained almost unchanged since its reconstruction, represents one of the best examples of a dam fortress from the beginning of the 19th century. The stronghold has three main buildings, on several levels, between 400 and 467 meters high: from the lowest, the Ouvrage Ferdinand, to the middle one, the Ouvrage Victor and, at the top, the Ouvrage Charles-Albert, a whole of 283 rooms. The Ouvrage Ferdinand is shaped like pincers and has two buildings, the Ouvrage Ferdinand Inférieur and the Ouvrage Ferdinand Supérieur. The Ouvrage Mortai, placed behind the latter and the adjoining Powder Magazine house the rooms intended for the didactic laboratories. About halfway up the rock, stands the Ouvrage Victor where you will find "Les Alpes des Enfants", an interactive trail. At the top, the most imposing of the three structures has an enclosure on which all the buildings rest and which contains the Ouvrage de Gola, its courtyard, which can defend the south side, and the Ouvrage Charles-Albert and its large quadrangular courtyard of the Place d'Armes, surrounded by large arcades. The first floor of the Ouvrage Charles-Albert is dedicated to the "Musée des Alpes". Inside the structure, there is also a tour of the history of the Fort, in the Prison rooms. The Fort is accessible by an external road, on the south side, which leads to the courtyard of the Ouvrage de Gola, and by an internal road which winds in narrow steep bends, protected by large stone walls and which goes up the opposite slope towards the North, thus allowing one to reach the Ouvrage Charles-Albert. These two roads are only accessible on foot. The summit of the rock and the fortress is easily accessible thanks to the panoramic lifts which, from the village of Bard to the foot of the Fort, provide access to the Ouvrage Charles-Albert and therefore to the Museum of the Alps. https://www.viefrancigene.org/fr/resource/poi/forte-di-bard/

The impressive fortress of Bard dominates the upper valley of the Dora Baltea. After being dismantled by Napoleon in 1800, it was rebuilt in the 19th century by the House of Savoy.

Château Vallaise was the most sumptuous residence of the Arnad family of the same name. It was acquired by the regional administration in 2010 together with the Lower Castle of the Coast, the Upper Castle (or "Castellaccio") and the surrounding land. The castle is currently closed to the public and is the subject of initial preparatory interventions for its restoration and enhancement, made possible through the use of community funds and proceeds from the Lotto game. The Lower Coast castle is located to the west of Vallaise Castle. It was built when the Vallaise family abandoned the Upper Castle for this residence and the Casaforte de Ville. Called the "domus fortis de la Costa", it already appears in a charter from 1462. In a will from 1487 it is defined as "domus nova de Costa", evidently because the memory of its construction was still preserved. The two castles were connected by a covered gallery.