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Ford Castle in Northumberland is a historic Grade I listed building with a stormy past. Built around 1278, it served as a border stronghold for centuries, witnessing battles and even hosting the Scottish King James IV before his final fight. The castle changed hands throughout history, from the Heron family to the Joiceys. Today, it's no longer a private residence. Instead, it functions as an outdoor activity center for schools and youth groups, offering a unique blend of history and adventure.

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A truly magnificent castle, and a Category A listed building. It is the home of the Duke of Roxburghe, and, apparently, the largest inhabited castle in Scotland. It was built for the 1st Duke in 1721-26 by William Adam, on the site of a previously existing house (House of Floris), and then extensively redone by W H Playfair in 1837-47 from the Georgian original to the way it is looking now. This is an unmissable place. It is open to tourists. Please see the Castle's website for more information and tickets: https://www.floorscastle.com/

Roxburgh Castle is now a ruin after a long and tumultuous history. It was built in the early 12th century by David I. For many centuries of wars between Scotland and England, it kept changing hands until it was eventually razed to the ground in the 16th century part of a treaty between England and France.

Norham stands as one of the most captivating sights in the border region. Perched atop a lush hillock, it commands a crucial ford over the River Tweed, having held immense significance as a formidable stronghold in this historically turbulent area. It endured frequent assaults from the Scots, facing no less than 13 sieges, including a nearly year-long encirclement led by Robert Bruce. Despite the strength of its robust 12th-century keep and imposing towered bailey walls, it ultimately succumbed to the might of James IV's formidable cannons in 1513, just prior to his fateful defeat at Flodden Field. The extensive reconstruction during the 16th century, tailored to accommodate artillery, still bears evident marks, showcasing the fortress's adaptation to changing times.

Etal Castle was built as a defence against the raiding Scots in the mid-14th century. It fell to James IV's invading Scot army in 1513 just before the defeat at Flodden. It fell into disrepair after the joining of England and Scotland when castles here where no longer needed. Now it's owned and managed by English Heritage. Admission is free and you can wonder around the ruins. Open at weekends.

Norham Castle was built in the 12th century and had a rough time in the first few hundred years surviving at least 12 sieges before falling to the heavy cannon of James 4th. It was rebuilt with artillery in the 16th century but with stabilisation between England and Scotland Elisabeth 1st decided not to spend any more money on the castle and it slowly fell into ruin. English Heritage took over the manegment in 1923. The castle is free to explore, open daily in the summer and weekends over the winter.

Etal Castle