20의 뇌브샤펠가지 명소 & 주요 장소

The battle of Fromelles on 19 July 1916 was a bloody initiation for Australian soldiers to warfare on the Western Front. Soldiers of the newly arrived 5th Australian Division, together with the British 61st Division, were ordered to attack strongly fortified German front line positions near the Aubers Ridge in French Flanders. The attack was intended as a feint to hold German reserves from moving south to the Somme where a large Allied offensive had begun on 1 July. The feint was a disastrous failure. Australian and British soldiers assaulted over open ground in broad daylight and under direct observation and heavy fire from the German lines. Over 5,500 Australians became casualties. Almost 2,000 of them were killed in action or died of wounds and some 400 were captured. This is believed to be the greatest loss by a single division in 24 hours during the entire First World War. Some consider Fromelles the most tragic event in Australia’s history. https://www.awm.gov.au/articles/encyclopedia/fromelles

Near the front line in 1916, a fierce battle was fought between the British (Australians) and the Germans. To commemorate 'la bataille' and the wounded who were brought back from the battlefield, a monument/statue was erected here.

Attacking in a southerly direction, Capt Kennedy was shot while leading 'B' Company in the Battle of Aubers Ridge. He and his men had got well beyond the German line which ran roughly east-west where the preserved bunkers are today. His mother later wrote "He had crossed the road and was on the Fromelles side of it when he was shot by a sniper. His men tried to carry him back but he was terribly wounded and after they had carried him back across the road he told them to put him down..." Capt P A Kennedy, 2/Rifle Brigade Killed in action 9 May 1915. No known grave. Remembered on the Ploegsteert Memorial.

Anecdote: During the battle, Sergeant Simon Fraser heard a wounded soldier cry out, "Don't forget me, cobber!" Despite the danger, Fraser returned to the battlefield to save the man, an act of bravery that was later immortalized in the statue. This event emphasizes the sacrifice and strong bond between soldiers during the horrors of war.

The Cobbers Australian Memorial is located in the Australian Memorial Park near Fromelles. This memorial commemorates the Australian soldiers who died during the Battle of Fromelles on 19-20 July 1916. The statue, designed by Peter Corlett, shows Sergeant Simon Fraser carrying a wounded comrade out of no man's land. The name "Cobbers" comes from a letter Fraser wrote, describing the bravery and camaraderie of the soldiers.

Le Trou Aid Post Cemetery was established in October 1914 by British soldiers of the 19th Infantry Brigade during the First Battle of Ypres. The cemetery initially contained 123 graves, but was expanded after the war. It now contains over 350 graves, of which over 200 are unknown. The cemetery commemorates soldiers who died in a number of battles, including Le Maisnil (October 1914), Aubers Ridge (May 1915), Loos (September–October 1915), and Fromelles (July 1916). A special feature of the cemetery is its rural setting, surrounded by a narrow moat and sheltered by a grove of weeping willows. Visitors reach the cemetery via a footbridge and enter through a delicate cottage-style gate.

An interesting anecdote about the Brewery Orchard Cemetery concerns the Australian soldiers buried here. On 5 May 1916, the Germans launched a surprise attack on the Bridoux Salient, a nearby defensive position. During this attack, the Australians lost two of their new Stokes mortars, the first the Germans had captured on the Western Front. Many of the Australian soldiers who died during this attack are buried in Plot IV of the cemetery.

The Brewery Orchard Cemetery is located in Bois-Grenier, a village in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais department. This cemetery was established in November 1914 and served until January 1918. The cellar of a local brewery was used as a dressing station, and the cemetery was started in the nearby orchard. The cemetery contains 339 graves of Commonwealth soldiers from the First World War, as well as four graves from the Second World War and five German war graves.