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The Governor's Palace is a Baroque and Neoclassical building located on the entire north side of Parma's central Piazza Garibaldi. The palace was originally built on the north side of Piazza Nuova (now Piazza Garibaldi) between 1283 and 1285 as the "Merchants' Palace," following the demolition of pre-existing dwellings. In late Romanesque style, it consisted of two separate buildings, separated in the center by the narrow Borgo di San Marco, which no longer exists. Entirely clad in brick, it rose above a portico on the ground floor and featured two rows of mullioned windows on the first floor; the façade was crowned by battlements at the top. Having lost its original mercantile function, the building soon became the seat of the Captain of the city and, later, of the Governor, the Civil Auditor, and other municipal magistrates. However, its architectural structure remained unchanged for centuries. Following the collapse of the towering Civic Tower on January 27, 1606, which also caused the destruction of the Town Hall, the need arose to renovate the Governor's Palace. Initially, the building was unified by enclosing the Borgo di San Marco with a vault. A tower was erected on top of this vault in 1673, designed by Piacenza engineer Gian Battista Barattieri. This tower assumed the former functions of the destroyed Civic Tower, retaining the original bell known as the "third bell," dating back to 1453, which remained intact over the centuries until it was replaced with a copy in 1998. In 1760, the court architect Ennemond Alexandre Petitot was commissioned to redesign the square; the Governor's Palace was thus renovated in elegant neoclassical style, with the addition of typical decorative elements. The central niche was also opened to house the statue of the Crowned Virgin, sculpted by Jean-Baptiste Boudard. In 1829, Duchess Maria Luigia commissioned Lorenzo Ferrari and Luigi Pazzoni to create the large sundials on the façade. In the 1920s, the interior and rear of the building underwent a major renovation in the Rationalist style, which preserved only some of the original interior decorations. The entire building, home to several municipal offices until the end of the 20th century, underwent a complete restoration between 2000 and 2009, transforming it into today's "Place of Modern and Contemporary Art": inaugurated in January 2010 with the Nove100 exhibition, it hosts temporary exhibitions of mostly contemporary art. SOURCE and further information https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazzo_del_Governatore_(Parma)

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Sacred place erected in memory of the battle between Matilda of Canossa and Henry IV

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Nice dirt track, very smooth

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Better to go to Cittadella early in the morning on weekend days

Ancient 16th century courtyard in the Gattatico countryside. Fascinating front of the villa, now abandoned, with two orders of porticoes.

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Badlands under the Canossa Castle

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City park with sports fields, equipped circuit for running/walking, bar and hostel

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There are many dirt roads that run along the Enza river

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Following the route you pass two very similar ones marked CAI... very beautiful to pass by by bike

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La Cittadella is a military fort in the shape of a pentagon with ramparts and moat. It was built towards the end of the sixteenth century by Alessandro Farnese, a great captain, governor of Flanders (1578-1592), third duke of Parma (1586). Today the area is used as a public park.

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The Cittadella Park is one of the characteristic and lesser-known places in the city of Parma. The park is located inside an ancient pentagonal-shaped fortress built in the 51st century. Today it is a place of peace, where you can reconnect with nature even in the midst of the bustling city, but it was once a prison and then a barracks. In short, a true example of redevelopment!

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The Pantaro di Sopra, together with the nearby Pantaro di Sotto, makes up an incredible complex of villas that date back to the 16th century. The Pantaro di Sopra has a large volume with a quadrangular plan and structured on two levels and an attic with a four-pitch roof.

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Bianello and plain beautiful view

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view of Bianello and the Po Valley

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Pieve linked to the story of Matilde of Canossa: the church of S. Prospero of Grassano appears among those owned in 1070 by the Marquis Bonifacio of Canossa.

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The name of the castle stems from the term “Torciara”, literally “wine press”, as in the Middle Ages, this area this area was renowned for its vineyards and olive tree groves. Between 1448 and 1460, “condottiero” Pier Maria II de’ Rossi, a powerful lord of these lands, ordered the construction of this complex on a preexisting fortified building. The structure had to fulfill a double role, a dichotomy of sense and function. On the one hand, it was a military and defensive stronghold for the control of the underlying valley. On the other hand, however, it was the cradle of his love for Bianca Pellegrini di Arturo. Inside, the castle the decorations of the lunettes and of the rib vaults pay homage to the story of Pier Mattia and Bianca Pellegrini.

great view

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Nice view! Obviously the fountain is closed in winter to avoid frost damage.

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More than an oasis, it is a sport fishing lake. In any case, the whole Enza path from Montecchio to Ciano is worth it, except for having to find yourself stuck on some narrow roads that have been worked on or have become private property!

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Private castle. Visit with guide, very interesting!!!

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