周辺の洞窟・トップ7

Landau Fortress was a polygonal fortification located in Landau in the Palatinate. Construction took place between 1688 and 1691. The completely outdated fortress was demolished in 1871, having been downgraded to a depot in 1867. Almost all of the structures below street level have been preserved. Today, several military buildings and many residential buildings are still visible in the city, along with the locks and walls along the rivers, and fortifications in parks. Among these, the largest remaining structure is the wall of the fort built in 1702 (with a length of 3.3 km). Following the Thirty Years' War, the Imperial City of Landau was placed under the protection of France by the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. Following the end of the War of the Palatine Succession in 1697, the city, along with ten other Alsatian imperial cities, was also legally ceded to France in the Peace of Rijswijk of 1697. As early as 1673/74, France had destroyed Landau's medieval city fortifications. With the Peace of Nijmegen, Landau came under French control and, with the simultaneous loss of the right-bank fortress of Philippsburg (1679), became its easternmost outpost, receiving a permanent French garrison in 1680. In September 1687, the military engineer Vauban arrived in Landau to develop a fortification plan. He submitted this plan to King Louis XIV on October 9, who gave his approval in November. Construction began later that same year on the 7-kilometer-long Albersweiler Canal, designed to facilitate the rapid transport of building materials such as timber, lime, and stone by barge. The foundation stone was laid at the end of April 1688 in the presence of the Minister of War, the Marquis de Louvois. Vauban initially oversaw the construction, but relinquished this responsibility to Jacques de Tarade in 1689. With the help of sixteen royal battalions under the command of General Montclar and approximately 14,000 construction workers (more recent studies cite a significantly lower number) from the surrounding area, the fortification was built in the second Vauban style. On the night of June 23-24, 1689, a devastating fire destroyed most of the town and provided an opportunity to modernize the garrison town's layout. This resulted in the creation of straight, wide streets and squares for troop deployments. ... Source: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festung_Landau#Weblinks

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This artificially created Marian Grotto features a statue of the Virgin Mary and a small enclosed spring. Since then, the grotto has been renovated several times, and the spring had to be re-enclosed to ensure its long-term preservation.

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This Lourdes Grotto is also a sign of solidarity between Catholics and Protestants in Dernbach: "Every Whit Monday, a Catholic service takes place at the Lourdes Grotto in Dernbach. The Protestant parish deliberately does not hold its own service on this day, but invites people to the service at the Lourdes Grotto." Source: https://www.bistum-speyer.de/bistum/oekumene/leitfaden/bewaehrte-praxisbeispiele/gottesdienst/gottesdienst-an-der-lourdesgrotte/

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Really very informative with the information boards

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It's great how and what they built around 1700

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You can find a list of knight stones here: https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Rittersteine

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This knight's stone no. 240 PWV describes a small cave below the Hohe Loog.

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Here, right on the path on the side of the hill, stands one of the Palatinate Forest Association's over 300 knight's stones. Its arrow points to the top right at the "Mayor's Stone". This stone contains a "small cave, on whose rock walls over 100 house marks [= a kind of signature or name seal] were carved between 1602 and 1634." Source (partly quoted verbatim): "Knight's Stones in the Palatinate Forest" by Walter Eitelmann, self-published by the Palatinate Forest Association, Neustadt/Wstr.

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