ヨルダンの洞窟・トップ14

The large hall, known as the crusaders vault, was used as living quarters for the soldiers during the Mamluk period (1250 to 1517). Today, it is used as a museum.

Iraq Al-Amir is famous for its ancient caves and the historic Qasr Al-Abd castle dating back to the 2nd century B.C. The impressive landscape and archaeological sites make the city a popular destination in the region. At this location, you will find a mini market. A few kilometers further downtown, there is a coffee shop, a bakery, and a falafel place in the main street. If you want to spend the night, there are also homestays in town.

Montreal, also Mons Regalis, Castrum Saboach, Arabic قلعة الشوبك, DMG qalʿat aš-Šawbak, is a former Crusader castle in “Idumaea” (Edom) southeast of the Dead Sea in what is now Jordan. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montreal_(Crusaders' Castle)

Qusair 'Amra consists of a throne room and a Roman-style bath. The rooms are quite small for a palace and suggest only short stays. What is special about the Qusair 'Amra, however, is the rich wall painting, some of which is still there even after 1,300 years, but has suffered greatly in recent decades due to vandalism and improper treatment. However, when discovered by Alois Musil, an Austro-Hungarian orientalist, in 1898, copies of the wall paintings were made and thus preserved for posterity, albeit in a poor manner. During renovation work in 2012, a Kufic inscription was discovered above a window that names al-Walid ibn Yazid without the title of caliph. It is therefore assumed that he had the castle built as a prince during the reign of his uncle Hisham (724–743). https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qusair_%CA%BFAmra

Qusair ʿAmra (Arabic قصير عمرة, DMG Quṣair ʿAmra 'Small Palace of ʿAmra') is one of the desert castles and is a type of hunting lodge, around 70 kilometers east of Amman in the Jordanian desert, from the early eighth century, probably built by the Umayyad prince al-Walid ibn Yazid, the later Caliph al-Walid II. The word Qasr (Arabic القصر, DMG al-qaṣr), which these buildings often have in their names, means “castle, fortress”. Qusair 'Amra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qusair_%CA%BFAmra

The crusader castle 'Shobak Castle' was built in 1115 by Baldwin I, King of Jerusalem, and was originally called 'Krak de Montreal'. The castle was attacked several times by Sultan Saladin's troops and was captured by them in 1189 after a two-year siege. The Mamluks restored the castle in the 14th century. https://nabataea.net/explore/cities_and_sites/shoubak-castle/

Kerak Castle is a large wedge-shaped building complex. The two main construction phases took place under the rule of the Crusaders (12th century AD) and the Mamluks (13th-16th centuries AD). The masonry of the Crusader period consists of dark rock material from the surrounding area. The Ayyubid-Mamluk builders used a grayish-yellowish limestone from a distant quarry, which was cut into rectangular blocks.

The Crusader castle ‘Kerak Castle‘, formerly called ‘Crac des Moabites‘, was built in 1142 AD by Pagan the Butler, Lord of Oultrejordain and Fulk the Younger, King of Jerusalem. The castle, one of the largest Crusader castles in the Levant, controlled the trade routes from Damascus to Egypt and Mecca east of the Dead Sea. Kerak Castle was besieged several times before falling into the hands of Saladin in 1187 AD. From 1264 onwards it was fundamentally renovated and expanded with stronger fortifications. https://archiqoo.com/locations/kerak_castle.php https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerak_Castle The Lordship of Oultrejordain (Old French for "beyond the Jordan") was the name given to a vast area east of the Jordan during the Crusades. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oultrejordain