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TODAY: In 2011, the Marga Klompe Residential Care Center opened at Ambthuiswal 2 in Bredevoort. Twenty apartments and a community center offer independent living for seniors. Volunteers from Bredevoort visit regularly, and support is also available nearby. A cozy restaurant for a cup of coffee or a hot meal is also on site. Residents, volunteers, and neighbors maintain close relationships here. One example is the "Buddy for a Day" initiative: people from the neighborhood accompany residents on outings to village events. The Ambthuis often serves as a meeting point.

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HISTORY OF THE AMBTHUIS The Ambtshuis, Ambthuis, or its older spelling Ampthuys, was the former official residence of Bredevoort. It was built in 1699 (according to the wall anchors), more than fifty years after the Powder Tower disaster of 1646, as a new center of power for the Lordship of Bredevoort. The residence was a combination of courthouse and town hall. The old Ampthuys was likely connected to the Herrentor, the city gate opposite. It also served as the main court of the Lordship. Although there were also courts in Aalten and Winterswijk, serious offenses were always tried in Bredevoort, with the bailiff acting as judge. Traditionally, the verdict was read out in the Zandplatz (town square), and the condemned were taken to Hollenberg for execution. After the French colonial period in the Netherlands, however, the building lost its function and was used as a shop. A curious fact: Before its demolition, the cellars of the residence, which housed two prison cells, were located beneath a grocery store. The building was demolished in 1963. In 1964, the foundation stone for a furniture store was laid on this site. It was demolished in 2009. Plans for a new building were delayed because potential archaeological finds—the foundations of the Lord's Gate (Misterpoort) and the old Ambtshuis (main building), the course of the canal, and a well—were not adequately considered. In 2011, the new building complex was constructed in a historicist style. The new building bears many similarities to the former administrative residence. A replica of the historic sundial was installed on the building, and a replica of the bandstand stands in front of it. An original facade stone from the old administrative residence was incorporated into the facade.

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The "house" is a former teahouse belonging to the Roelvink family. It's charmingly furnished, just as a 19th-century teahouse would have been. One can easily imagine the Roelvink family arriving at any moment for their afternoon tea. It's locked, but the interior is clearly visible through the glass panes. Simply beautiful and an idyllic spot. ... BACKGROUND 1764: Bernard Andreas Roelvink was the administrator of the Stadtholder William V. His residence was expanded into the administrator's house in 1764 (the present-day Boutique Hotel & Brasserie "DE HEERLYCKHEID"). 1782: The remains of two bastions (Vreesniet and Treurniet) and the land between them (the present-day fortress park and orchard) were leased to the Roelvink family in 1782. Around 1850: B.A. Roelvink had an English garden laid out on the grounds for himself and his family, which was very fashionable at the time. 1862: The teahouse was built on the former Vreesniet bastion and is now picturesquely situated on a slight rise in the fortress park, which is bordered to the northwest by the Grote Gracht (former moat). (Source: Information signs at the teahouse and in the fortress park)

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On the site of the house at Markt 5 in Bredevoort stood the house of Borgmann Gotschalk van Rhemen in 1254. His coat of arms featured three golden ducks swimming on a white river against a red background. Only the massive foundations of his former residence remain today, upon which later owners built their own houses. What is a Borgmann? Borgmanns were mostly noble vassals who, in return for their fief, were obligated to live first in the castle and later in the town, defending it wholeheartedly. For this purpose, they built their stone Borgmann houses in the outer bailey of the castle, thus giving rise to the town of Bredevoort. During the 16th century, mercenaries (bearing flags) were increasingly employed to defend the castle and the town, and from 1612 onward, Bredevoort was even a garrison town. Thus, the original purpose of the vassals was no longer needed, and the obligations of the 'Borgmannen' (a type of tenant farmer) diminished in importance during the 17th century. However, the Borg fiefs retained their name until 1795. (Source: Information sign on the house)

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The house at Markt 5 is a typical example of a former farmhouse, of which there were many in Bredevoort. It was built using timber framing, with the spaces between the timbers filled with woven branches and clay. Later, the wattle and daub was replaced with brick. The tapered ends of the roof trusses, with their wedge-shaped supports, protrude from the facade. In this region, they are known as "slöttel" (slits). (Source: Information sign on the house)

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CATHOLIC PREVIOUS CHURCH: The castle chapel served as the place of worship for the small Catholic community until 1316, when the first Catholic church was built outside the castle. The foundations suggest that it served as the castle chapel before becoming the main church. This was the predecessor of the present-day Sint-Joriskerk, which was elevated to parish church status in 1535. It was dedicated to Saint George and owes its name to the patron saint of the Vogt of Bredevoort, Saint George, who slew the dragon. During the Eighty Years' War, the original Catholic church was largely destroyed and burned down in 1597 (during the siege by Prince Maurice). The tower and vaults collapsed, but parts of the walls remained standing. The Reformation began with a devastated church! From 1597 onward, Roman Catholic residents in the Netherlands were no longer permitted to hold religious services. From 1675 onwards, they used the Chapel of the Cross, located just across the border on German soil. It had been built by the Bishop of Münster, Bernhard von Galen, specifically for the Catholics of Aalten and Bredevoort. In a book, "Aalten en Bredevoort in vervlogen tijden" by B.D. Rots, it states: "When they (the Catholics) went to church at the Chapel of the Cross, they had to take shovels and spades with them to avoid any trouble. The women had to hide the gold cross they wore on Sundays, otherwise they risked having it torn off. The Catholics from Bredevoort reached the Chapel of the Cross via the church path through the Witte Veen."

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PREVIOUS CHURCH: The castle chapel served as the place of worship for the small community until 1316, when the first Catholic church was built outside the castle. The foundations suggest that it served as the castle chapel before becoming the main church. This was the predecessor of the present-day Sint-Joriskerk, which was elevated to parish church status in 1535. It was dedicated to Saint George and owes its name to the patron saint of the Vogt of Bredevoort, Saint George, who slew the dragon. During the siege by Prince Maurice in 1597, the old church was largely destroyed. The tower and the vault collapsed, but parts of the walls remained standing. SINT-JORISKERK: As early as 1599, just two years after the plundering, destruction, and siege of the town, construction began on a new church building for the Dutch Reformed congregation on this site. It was built in the Gothic style, and the oak timber roof truss replaced the destroyed vault. In 1639, the church was enlarged by moving the north facade several meters. Wooden posts were placed at the original location of this facade, creating a north aisle. The church was severely damaged in the explosion of the powder tower in 1646. Further renovations and extensions took place in 1834 and 1858. The complete restoration was referred to as a "reconstruction." In 1869, the exterior walls were plastered, and this layer was removed in 1949. During this period, the church underwent another comprehensive restoration. A complete restoration was carried out in 1967. The Sint-Joriskerk is located in the historic center of Bredevoort! It is a national monument and is a protected historical site. ... FEATURES: The Sint-Joriskerk houses a beautiful Rococo pulpit dating from 1762. Old inscriptions (from 1301?) can be found on the beams beneath the so-called "peasant's attic." The figure of St. George slaying the dragon serves as a weather vane on the tower and has been reattached to the church roof. (Source: Information panels at the church)

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Borgmannetjes at work

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