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In the Middle Ages, Barbezieu served the surrounding villages and hamlets as a market, craft and court location. The area is still largely agricultural, with winegrowing playing a leading role: the small town lies in the south of the Cognac wine-growing region and is part of the Petite Champagne region; Pineau des Charentes, a type of liqueur wine, is also produced here. The Barbezieux breed of chicken (poule de Barbezieux) is known nationwide. Several small and medium-sized industrial companies (food packaging, furniture manufacturing, agricultural machinery) have settled in the industrial areas (zones industrielles) outside the town.

Barbezieux-Saint-Hilaire, located in the heart of the small Champagne, has several advantages for the development of a framework for a pleasant and attractive living. The town has managed to preserve its architectural heritage, the two most important buildings erected such as the castle, which dates from the fifteenth century, and St. Mathias Church built in the eleventh century. The old center of Barbezieux is remarkable for the homogeneity of its building fabric, dating largely from the eighteenth century.

Church built in the 12th century in a region traveled by pilgrims to Compostela. The town of Conzac was ruined during the Hundred Years War, in the 15th century. The church may have been ruined at this time. It was restored in the 17th century but the town did not recover. The building has a cross plan, with a single nave, and ends in a semicircular apse. The nave was rebuilt in the 17th century. It is covered by a wooden ceiling. The square of the transept had a cupola on pendentives. The sculpture of the capitals is important: riders, characters, animals, ornaments. The apse is decorated with two floors of arcades. All the capitals are sculpted (griffins, birds, interlacing). The apse is covered in the bottom of the oven. The north transept, covered in panelling, retains its vaulted apsidiole. The southern brace was destroyed. The bell tower, which rises above the transept, has been truncated and only retains one floor with four arches on pilasters on each side. A spiral staircase rises between the north apsidiole and the apse.

Church built in the 12th century, having subsequently suffered from wars, in particular that of the Hundred Years. Restored in the 15th century. Single nave plan, ending with a straight apse. The nave is divided into three bays. The walls have large arches resting on very wide pilasters. Ribbed brick vaults were built in 1881 and rest on round columns. The transept is slightly wider. Cupola on pendants. A wall separates the used part of the building from the old chancel, which had three bays of 15th century ribbed vaults. These were destroyed. The bedside wall is straight and lit by three windows. The western facade opens with a semicircular portal with three arches and circular columns of primitive appearance, and is decorated with two blind doors. Two heads adorn the tympanum of the south blind door. The triangular gable has been truncated and ends in a modern campanile. The north side retains the square tower of the old 15th century bell tower.

The castle of Barbezieux, dominating the plain on the borders of Saintonge and Angoumois is, since the 10th century and throughout the Middle Ages, at the head of a powerful independent châtellenie at the heart of all the power struggles in the region. Between the 11th and 13th centuries, attracted by the protection offered by its influential lords, a large population came to nestle at the foot of the walls. Thus was born the town of Barbezieux, commercial and prosperous at the crossroads of several traffic axes. The end of the 15th century saw its revival thanks to the work of Marguerite de la Rochefoucauld, Lady of Barbezieux. It restores the stately home as well as various buildings in the farmyard. From this work campaign dates the current Archiac Gate and the theater.