The Antequera Dolmens Archaeological Complex is one of the most important prehistoric sites in Europe and is located on the outskirts of Antequera in Andalusia, directly on the Carretera de Málaga. The complex includes three large megalithic tombs – the Dolmen de Menga, the Dolmen de Viera, and the Tholos de El Romeral – as well as the two natural monuments Peña de los Enamorados and El Torcal de Antequera. Since 2016, they have formed a recognized UNESCO World Heritage Site, uniquely demonstrating the connection between humans, architecture, and landscape.
The Dolmen de Menga is the largest structure in the complex and is one of the most impressive megalithic tombs in Europe. It was built between approximately 3800 and 3600 BC and consists of enormous stone blocks assembled to form a long burial chamber. Particularly noteworthy is its orientation toward the Peña de los Enamorados rock, which indicates symbolic or ritual significance. Human remains and grave goods have been found inside. Just a few meters away is the Dolmen de Viera, which is somewhat smaller and of a more classical design. It was built between 3500 and 3000 BC and is oriented exactly east, allowing sunlight to fall directly into the burial chamber at the equinox. The third structure, the Tholos de El Romeral, is located about four kilometers away and dates back to the Copper Age around 2500 BC. Its circular shape and corbelled vault distinguish it from the older dolmens, demonstrating a further development of the architectural style of the time.
The visitor center is located directly next to the Dolmens of Menga and Viera, where visitors can learn more about the history, architecture, and cultural significance of the complex. Exhibitions, models, and interactive displays explain how these monumental structures were constructed using the simplest of means and the role they played in the religious life of early communities. The center also offers guided tours, information materials, and a small shop.
Today, the dolmens of Antequera are considered an outstanding example of how people understood their environment more than 5,000 years ago and shaped monumental structures in harmony with nature, astronomy, and faith. The combination of prehistoric architecture and the impressive landscape makes the site a unique testament to early European cultural history.