The Canal de los Presos del Bajo Guadalquivir, also known as the Canal del Bajo Guadalquivir, is an important irrigation canal in the provinces of Seville and Cádiz. The canal was built between 1940 and 1962 and has a length of 158 kilometres. It starts at the Embalse de Peñaflor and ends at the Embalse de Don Melendo in Lebrija.
The construction of the canal was carried out by thousands of political prisoners who were deployed in the Servicio de Colonias Penitenciarias Militarizadas during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco. The canal was originally intended to irrigate an area of 56,000 hectares, but today it covers an area of 80,000 hectares.
The canal plays a crucial role in the agriculture of the region by providing irrigation to the fertile lands along the Guadalquivir. It is an important example of the infrastructure built during the Francoist period and has deep historical significance due to the working conditions of the prisoners who built it.