The Holm oak of La Peana is a specimen of Quercus ilex from the Sierra de los Filabres. It is located in the municipality of Serón, in the province of Almería, Spain. It was declared a natural monument of Andalusia in 2019.
It is considered, according to the technicians of the Ministry of the Environment of the Junta de Andalucía, the largest tree and one of the oldest of all those cataloged to date in the autonomous community.
Of enormous beauty, this specimen stands out for the size of its stem and crown, which are proportioned and form a very balanced structure. The cross is very wide and is formed by four main branches that are subdivided into a tracery, constituting a perfectly rounded crown.
The local name is due to a large base of almost 15 meters in perimeter that presents the base and that makes it act as a pedestal highlighting its perfection, reaching about 19 meters in height.
The Encina de la Peana is located on a west-facing slope with a steep slope next to other scattered holm oaks. Other hundred-year-old specimens of this species survive in the vicinity, such as the Holm oak at Ermita de La Loma, the Holm oak at Marchal del Abogado or the one at Los Sapos.