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Penela Castle stands atop the rocky outcrop that gave it its name (peñela, "small stone hill"), dominating the town with imposing walls and towers dating from the 15th and 16th centuries. Founded in the 11th century by D. Sesnando Davides, it formed part of the Mondego defensive line, and its walls still reach 19 meters in height today. From the original fortress arose the castle that later served as a keep. On the walls, facing the Serra da Lousã mountain range, stand out arrow slits and loopholes, marks of its long military life, from arrows to firearms. Penela preserves three historical entrances: the Porta da Vila (Town Gate), the evocative Porta da Traição (Gate of Treason), with its double opening and Moorish inspiration, and the Porta do Relógio (Clock Gate), a reminder of the old breach where two towers collapsed in the 1755 earthquake. In short, a castle small in form, but enormous in history.

Coimbra is one of the most important cities in Portugal, once the capital of the kingdom and now a World Heritage Site with a renowned university

On the city side at the end of the bridge there are some cafes and restaurants: there you can sit nicely by the river

Penela Castle is a medieval fortress with an irregular plan and winding outline, stretching from north to south taking advantage of the natural cliff, so that the walls vary in height between 7 and 19 metres. It was part of the Mondego defensive line during the Christian Reconquista.

I visited in mid-June 2025 and was surprised at how much water was still running. How nice that we had a rainy winter.

Hidden among the dense greenery of the Serra da Lousã, the Castle has stood since the 11th century, guarding the right bank of the Arouce River. Entry is free, as is parking, and the surroundings are pure enchantment. From here, there are trails that wind through schist villages, cross magical forests and reveal breathtaking viewpoints. A perfect starting point for those who enjoy running between history and nature.

Beautiful and relaxed route

The bridge is now in a terrible state, and the wooden path is closed to everyone. Walkways are closed, you can only pass along the asphalt.