リオーロ・テルメの洞窟・トップ12

The 14th century fortress located within the ancient village and protected by a circle of sturdy walls is made up of 3 imposing towers and the square keep

Classified as one of the most beautiful villages in Italy, famous for its three hills, each featuring a clock tower, the fortress, and the Monticino church.

Medieval village in the heart of the Apennines, among the most beautiful villages in Italy

A classic, country ride with a short climb to Coralli, then up towards Riolo Terme, which includes stopping for a coffee at Zappi's (with a discount for cyclists), returning via Casolana, Solarolo, Mordano and finally Massa, 65km.

The Rocca di Riolo was built in its first nucleus in 1388 by the Bolognese government: a square tower to defend the village, only four meters high on each side, with wooden floors connected by retractable stairs. The entrance was located between the first and second floors, so that the warriors could take shelter inside for protection. During the 15th century, under the government of the lords of Manfredi, the fortress was adapted to new military strategies: for this reason, the construction of a city wall and round towers that allowed a greater defense in case of attacks using bombardments. In 1474, Riolo was the capital of the Senio Valley. Carlo II Manfredi had the keep re-clad on all sides, built masonry stairs and dug a well on the ground floor of the keep. In 1478, Riolo became part of the government of Riario Sforza. The family made minor adjustments: holes in the moat, a turret and an emergency hatch. In 1504 Riolo fell into the hands of the Papal States through Giovanni Sassatelli.

...the origins of the fortress of Imola date back to 1261, when the municipality decided to build a fortress to defend the city. ... The fortress then had a quadrangular perimeter with nine square towers, four at the corners and four at the center of each curtain wall, plus an entrance tower on the eastern side and a mighty central keep. In the second half of the 15th century, the transformation of the medieval fortress into a new structure capable of withstanding the destructive power of modern artillery began. ... Beginning in 1480, the square corner towers were incorporated into new, thicker circular towers capable of withstanding bombardment, and construction of an internal residence began. The crisis of the Riario-Sforza lordship and the siege of the fortress launched in 1499 by Cesare Borgia, known as Valentino, decreed the return of direct papal rule. ... With the definitive annexation of Imola to the Papal States, the fortress's use as a prison intensified, a situation that continued until 1958, when restoration work began and the Sforza monument was converted into a museum. (Source: https://imolamusei.it/rocca-sforzesca/ )

Rocca di Riolo is right in the center, very beautiful and well maintained

Brisighella mountain peak