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The first reliable data on the history of Villalba del Alcor date back to the Late Bronze Age, some four millennia ago. Remains of nearby mining operations remain evident; these were scattered along the Corumbel River. From the Roman period, we find several important remains in this municipality, such as coins, vases, and so on. The most notable of these is found on the "Las Estaquillas" estate, two kilometers from the town center. It is a portrait of Agrippina, wife of the Emperor Claudius. Her hairstyle, characteristic of the Agrippinas (the use of small curls and the arrangement of her hair in side bands covering the ears), shed light on her identification. These remains suggest that, in the vicinity of the town center, and in the direction of Corumbel, there were several villas belonging to prominent families, who would have made a living from the mines and farming. Another finding that supports the hypothesis of Roman settlement in the region is the existence of a tombstone dedicated to Iuno Regina in 134 BC. It was found at the base of the bell tower of the Church of San Bartolomé, although it owes its origin to the town of Ostur, near Manzanilla. No other significant events are found from this period; the Dehesa de Purchena was continuously settled. Its name, of Roman origin, comes from Porcius plus the suffix -ana (indicative of ownership), which would mean Villa Porciana. This region was also inhabited by Muslims who established scattered farmsteads along the Giraldo stream. After these basic notions about its surroundings, we will focus on the evolution of the population center and the reasons that made Villalba a prominent town in the County of Huelva. The birth of Villalba del Alcor is due to its appeal as a border area for Christians and Muslims. Villalba's high strategic value led to the construction of a fortress, which also served as a mosque in its time, as was the case with La Rábida. It belonged to Niebla until 1253, when it was reconquered by Alfonso X the Wise. Later, in 1331, Villalba passed into the hands of the daughter of the Chief Constable of Niebla, Leonor Núñez. Around 1350, the town was purchased by Alvar Pérez de Guzmán, thus establishing this lineage, which would extend practically until the 15th century. The Pérez de Guzmán and Zúñiga lines were united in 1395 through marriage. It was then that Villalba passed into the hands of the Zúñiga family until the dissolution of the lordships in 1812. Villalba del Alcor, from the Late Middle Ages, became established. The place names "Villalba" and "Alcor" come from different origins: the former is of Christian origin, and the latter means "hill" and is of Muslim origin. On the social level, the rich and varied heritage reflects the economic strength of its inhabitants. In the 16th century, the town center and its population grew. Two Carmelite congregations were founded: the monastery of friars of Santa María de la Antigua in 1588, and the convent of shod nuns of San Juan Bautista in 1619. In 1642, it had 1,750 inhabitants; in the second half of the century, the country's demographic and economic crisis worsened. In the 18th century, Villalba experienced few demographic changes. To further expand on the data on these dates, we can refer to the Cadastre of the Marquis of Ensenada, which describes this situation in detail. Population growth and dependence on agriculture led, throughout the 19th century, to a widespread movement to clear new lands, nearly wiping out the vacant and municipal lands, and changing the forest landscape. Vineyards, the County's star crop, developed on these lands, along with a significant wine industry that eventually included numerous wineries and at least three brandy stills.

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The Parish Church of Santa María de la Purificación, due to its volumetric force and its location in an elevated part of the town, becomes the most representative architectural landmark. Despite being initially located away from the urban center, it is a remarkable example of a Sevillian church, in which the Mudejar and Baroque styles converge, following a very characteristic approach to 18th-century construction practice in the area. Built according to Mudejar principles in its original construction, which appears to date from the 15th century, it would later be practically rebuilt after the damage caused by the 1755 earthquake, conforming to the Baroque guidelines prevailing in the second half of the 17th century. A reconstruction in which Pedro de Silva, Antonio Matías de Figueroa, and José Álvarez participated. Among them, Antonio Matías de Figueroa stands out for the significance of his intervention in the complex. His work on the Manzanilla church can therefore be considered one of the last examples of this family's distinctive style—the so-called triumphal baroque—and one of the first signs of the change of direction demanded by the changing times, in their preference for the primacy of Rococo lines over Baroque masses. The appearance of neoclassical elements (the Gospel nave portal), derived from the presence of José Alvarez (1782–1783) as director of the works, also speaks to the formal evolution of the style toward the last quarter of the century. Finally, the tower (1760-1779) stands out, attributed to Lucas Cintora and Francisco Díaz Pinto, and one of the most beautiful examples in the province. It perfectly fits one of the two characteristic typologies of 18th-century Andalusia, originating from the Giralda in Seville. It forms part of a unique group of towers in Huelva, along with that of the Temple of San Pedro in Huelva and that of the Church of San Juan Bautista (La Palma del Condado), all of which follow a very similar model. This building represents another example of the intense religious construction activity that characterized 18th-century Huelva architecture, motivated by a fortunate combination of economic, demographic, and natural circumstances (earthquakes), and which has come to be known as its Golden Age.

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The Plaza de Andalucía is located in the center of the town. Surrounding it are the Town Hall (Manzanilla City Hall), the Market, and stately homes representative of the town. Villalba, Hermanos Álvarez Quintero, Santo Cristo, Alférez Galiano Camacho, and Benafique streets converge in the square. It forms the nerve center of Manzanilla. It is a square plaza surrounded by plants and benches. Its two fronts are flanked by the Market and the Town Hall. Of note is a central pavilion called Morabito, made of brick and ceramic, which is an old font.

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The Hermitage of the Sweet Name of Jesus, if its full title is used, was built beginning in the 16th century, although it has undergone numerous renovations. Its original name is the Hermitage of the Most Holy Christ of Jesus and Mary, although its ownership later changed to its current name with the creation of the Brotherhood of the Sweet Name of Jesus, whose highly venerated image became the patron saint of the temple. Among the various interventions, the restoration work carried out in the 18th century and the strengthening work due to the deterioration caused by the Lisbon earthquake of 1755 should be noted. The damage caused by the fire and looting of 1936 left it severely damaged, necessitating renovation at the end of the previous century. It has a single nave with a contemporary roof because the previous barrel-vaulted ceiling collapsed, leaving only a three-pitched exterior roof made of Arabic tiles. Lighting is provided through two side windows. The main chapel, with a square floor plan, is covered by a hemispherical vault on pendentives. The entrance door and the choir window open onto the exterior of the facade. It is decorated with brick and ceramics. Designed as an altarpiece, it has two levels and an attic. The facade reflects some 20th-century constructions that undermine the earlier Baroque architecture. You can admire the chapel on Santo Cristo Street (Manzanilla). https://huelvapedia.wikanda.es/wiki/Ermita_del_Ni%C3%B1o_Jes%C3%BAs_(Manzanilla)

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The Plaza de España in La Palma del Condado is an emblematic and central place in this charming town in the province of Huelva. Surrounded by historic buildings and with a vibrant atmosphere, it is a popular meeting point for both locals and visitors. In this square, you can find the Parish Church of San Juan Bautista, one of the most representative churches of the 18th century Sevillian Baroque style. In addition, the square is close to other points of interest such as the Convent of Our Lady of Carmen and the Old Town Hall.

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Small park with benches, rubbish bins and (locked) toilets. The lake can be walked across a beautiful large meadow and is nice for swimming 🌞

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Beautiful Mudejar parish from the 15th century, there are very few in the towns of Andalusia even topped with a kind of defense tower. The tiled clock is also curious.

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It is located in the Plaza de España, next to the Town Hall. It is a magnificent example of what the Sevillian Mudejar was like in the 15th century and one of the few vestiges of what these buildings were like on the Andalusian plains before the Lisbon earthquake. It houses a rich artistic heritage inside.

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